Agfdhyk

I keep hearing people say they're forking code in git. Git "fork" sounds suspiciously like git "clone" plus some (meaningless) psychological willingness to forgo future merges. There is no fork command in git, right?

"Forking" is a concept, not a command specifically supported by any version control system.

The simplest kind of forking is synonymous with branching. Every time you create a branch, regardless of your VCS, you've "forked". These forks are usually pretty easy to merge back together.

The kind of fork you're talking about, where a separate party takes a complete copy of the code and walks away, necessarily happens outside the VCS in a centralized system like Subversion. A distributed VCS like Git has much better support for forking the entire codebase and effectively starting a new project.

Git (not GitHub) natively supports "forking" an entire repo (ie, cloning it) in a couple of ways:

• when you clone, a remote called origin is created for you


• by default all the branches in the clone will track their origin equivalents


• fetching and merging changes from the original project you forked from is trivially easy

Git makes contributing changes back to the source of the fork as simple as asking someone from the original project to pull from you, or requesting write access to push changes back yourself. This is the part that GitHub makes easier, and standardizes.

Any angst over Github extending git in this direction? Or any rumors of git absorbing the functionality?

There is no angst because your assumption is wrong. GitHub "extends" the forking functionality of Git with a nice GUI and a standardized way of issuing pull requests, but it doesn't add the functionality to Git. The concept of full-repo-forking is baked right into distributed version control at a fundamental level. You could abandon GitHub at any point and still continue to push/pull projects you've "forked".

Yes Fork is a clone. It emerged because, you cannot push to others' copies without their permission. What they do is make a copy of it for you (fork), where you will have write permission as well.

In the future if the actual owner or others users with a fork like your changes they can pull it back to their own repo. Alternatively you can send them a "pull-request".

"Fork" in this context means "Make a copy of their code so that I can add my own modifications". There's not much else to say. Every clone is essentially a fork, and it's up to the original to decide whether to pull the changes from the fork.

Cloning involves making a copy of the git repository to a local machine, while forking is cloning the repository into another repository. Cloning is for personal use only (although future merges may occur), but with forking you are copying and opening a new possible project path

I think fork is a copy of other repository but with your account modification. for example, if you directly clone other repository locally, the remote object origin is still using the account who you clone from. You can't commit and contribute your code. It is just a pure copy of codes. Otherwise, If you fork a repository, it will clone the repo with the update of your account setting in you github account. And then cloning the repo in the context of your account, you can commit your codes.

Forking is done when you decide to contribute to some project. You would make a copy of the entire project along with its history logs. This copy is made entirely in your repository and once you make these changes, you issue a pull request. Now its up-to the owner of the source to accept your pull request and incorporate the changes into the original code.

Git clone is an actual command that allows users to get a copy of the source.
git clone [URL]
This should create a copy of [URL] in your own local repository.

Apart from the fact that cloning is from server to your machine and forking is making a copy on the server itself, an important difference is that when we clone, we actually get all the branches, labels, etc. But when we fork, we actually only get the current files in the master branch, nothing other than that. This means we don't get the other branches, etc.
Hence if you have to merge something back to the original repo, it is a inter-repo merge and will definitely need higher privileges.

Fork is not a command in git, it is just a concept which Github implements. Remember Git was designed to work in peer to peer environment without the need to synchronize stuff with any master copy. The server is just another peer but we look at it as a master copy.

There is a misunderstanding here with respect to what a "fork" is. A fork is in fact nothing more than a set of per-user branches. When you push to a fork you actually do push to the original repo because that is the ONLY repo.

You can try this out by pushing to a fork, noting the commit and then going to the original repo and using the commit ID, you'll see that the commit is "in" the original repo.

This makes a lot of sense but is far from obvious (I only discovered this accidentally recently).

When John forks repo SuperProject what seems to actually happen is that all branches in the source repo are replicated with a name like "John.master" and "John.new_gui_project" etc.

Github "hides" the "John." from us and gives us the illusion we have our own "copy" of the repo in Github, but we don't and nor is one even needed.

So my fork's branch "master" is actually named "Korporal.master" but the Github UI never reveals this, showing me only "master".

This is pretty much what I think goes on under the hood anyway based on stuff I've been doing recently and when you ponder it, is very good design.

For this reason I think it would be very easy for Microsoft to implement Git forks in their Visual Studio Team services offering.

In simplest terms,

When you say you are Forking a repository, you are basically creating a copy of the original repository under your GitHub ID in your Github account.

and

When you say you are Cloning a repository, you are creating a local copy of the original repository in your system(pc/lappy) directly without having a copy in your Github account.