僧正

Multi tool use
佛教 |
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基本教義
四圣谛 八正道 十二因缘 五蘊 緣起 业 五戒 禪那 波罗密 涅槃 三法印 空性 真如
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修行位階
佛 菩萨 辟支佛 阿罗汉 阿那含 斯陀含 須陀洹
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人物
释迦牟尼 十大弟子 迦多衍尼子 馬鳴 龍樹 提婆 无著 世亲 鸠摩罗什 慧遠 菩提达摩 智顗 玄奘 惠能 蓮花生 宗喀巴
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經籍舉要
阿含經(南传尼柯耶) 法句經 大般若经 心經 金剛經 法華經 華嚴經 維摩經 涅槃經 楞伽經 大悲咒 楞嚴經 圆觉经 藥師經 地藏經 阿彌陀經 大智度論 俱舍論 坛经
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佛教主題
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僧正,又稱僧主,是漢傳佛教地區為了管理僧尼,任命僧侶的官職(僧綱)之一。
概要
僧正又稱僧主,是僧官制度中的一個官職,主管僧正司。
中國
十六国時期后秦始立,统管國內僧尼。南朝历代亦设有僧正。唐朝以后,各州設立僧正管理地方僧尼事务。
日本
推古天皇32年,任命僧正、僧都和法頭,百濟僧觀勒是日本最初的僧正[1]。
根據律令制,僧綱(僧官)分成僧正、僧都、律師,僧正和僧都各有大・少之別。日後又各設置權官,位階十位。僧正又分成大僧正、權大僧正、僧正、權僧正,大僧正位居僧官制的頂點。
朝鮮
百濟設有僧綱官職。
脚注
^ 『日本書紀』推古天皇32年4月戊申(3日)条、戊午条(13日)、壬戌(17日)条。
参考文献
- 小島憲之・直木孝次郎・西宮一民・蔵中進・毛利正守・校注・訳『日本書紀』2(新編日本古典文學全集3)、小學館、1996年。
- 井上光貞「日本における仏教統制機関の確立過程」、『日本古代国家の研究』、岩波書店、1965年。
關連項目
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