鲱形目







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鲱形目
化石时期：上侏羅紀–0

PreЄ

Є

O

S

D

C

P

T

J

K

Pg

N







侏羅紀晚期至今

Alosa fallax.jpg

Alosa fallax

科学分类 编辑
界：
动物界 Animalia
门：
脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：
辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri
亚纲：
新鳍亚纲 Neopterygii
下纲：
真骨下纲 Teleostei
高群：
骨舌鱼高群 Osteoglossocephalai
总群：
鲱形总群 Clupeocephala
群：
骨鲱群 Otomorpha
亚群：
鲱形亚群 Clupei
總目：
鲱形总目 Clupeomorpha
目：
鲱形目 Clupeiformes

亞目

  • 見內文



鲱形目（学名Clupeiformes）是輻鰭魚綱中的一个目，其中包括许多在渔业上非常重要的成群鱼类如鲱鱼等。是重要的经济鱼类，共有400多种，其中20多种占世界捕鱼量的1/3，有生活在海中的也有生活在淡水中的，70%生活在热带，但也有20 多种只生活在北方。本目鱼一般都大量产卵，即使孵化出的幼鱼死亡率也高达99%，是各种大鱼、水鸟的食物。本目鱼大多集群，一群多达数亿尾，有每日垂直移动的习性，白天在水深处，夜晚浮出水面。



特征


鲱形目為鯡形總目下唯一一目，口裂上緣通常由前頜骨和上頜骨組成。头骨骨化不完全，尚保留软骨；背鳍无硬棘，鳍条柔软分节，所以也称软鳍类。因所有的椎骨构造都相同，又称等椎类。鲱形目鳔管发达，体被圆鳞。



种类


鲱形目重要的食用鱼包括沙丁鱼、大西洋鲱鱼、鳀鱼、鰣鱼、凤尾鱼等。本目下分2個亞目：




  • 齒鯡亞目(Denticipitoidei)


  • 鯡亞目(Clupeoidei)



外部链接


  • 鲱鱼照片




















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