造影劑

Multi tool use

维基百科中的醫療相关内容仅供参考,詳見
醫學聲明。如需专业意见请咨询专业人士。
造影劑也稱為對比劑、㫫影剤,是一種X光無法穿透的藥劑,用於讓體內器官在X光檢查時能看得更清楚。例如消化道攝影時,醫師會讓患者喝下一杯顯影劑溶液(大多含鋇),然後用各種角度照相,就能讓胃腸道看得很清楚。
除了用喝的方式以外,顯影劑也可以做成灌腸、注射等劑型,用來突顯不同的器官或部位。
參見
參考書目
- Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (Twenty-sixth Edition) (ISBN 0-7216-1645-3)
药理学:主要药物分类
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胃肠道/新陈代谢(A) |
胃酸(抗酸药、H2受体拮抗剂、质子泵抑制剂)
- 止吐药
- 泻药
止泻药/止痢药
- 抗肥胖药
- 抗糖尿病药
- 维生素
- 膳食矿物质
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血液系统(B) |
抗血栓(抗血小板药、抗凝血剂、溶栓药) · 抗出血药(血小板、凝血药、抗纤维蛋白溶药)
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心血管系统(C) |
心脏治疗/抗心绞痛药(强心苷、抗心律失常药、强心剂)
抗高血压药 · 利尿剂 · 血管舒张剂 · β受体阻断剂 · 钙通道阻断剂 · 肾素-血管紧张素系统(ACE抑制剂、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂、肾素抑制剂)
降血脂药(他汀类、贝特类、胆汁酸螯合剂) |
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皮肤科用药(D) |
润肤剂 · 促愈合剂 · 止痒剂 · 抗银屑病药 · 医用敷料
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泌尿生殖系统及性类固醇(G) |
避孕激素 · 生育药 · 选择性雌激素受体调节剂 · 性类固醇
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体激素(H) |
下丘脑-垂体激素 · 皮质类固醇(糖皮质激素、盐皮质激素) · 性激素 · 甲状腺激素/抗甲状腺药
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抗感染药(J、P、QI) |
抗微生物剂:抗细菌药(抗分支杆菌药)
- 抗真菌药
- 抗病毒药
抗寄生虫药(抗原虫药、驱肠虫剂、杀外寄生虫药)
- 静脉注射免疫球蛋白
- 疫苗
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抗肿瘤药(L01-L02) |
化疗药(抗代谢物、抗肿瘤烷基化物制剂、纺锤体毒素、拓扑异构酶抑制剂)
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免疫用药(L03-L04) |
免疫调节剂(免疫增强剂、免疫抑制剂)
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肌肉、骨骼和关节系统(M) |
肌肉增强剂 · 抗炎药(非甾体抗炎药) · 抗风湿药 · 皮质激素 · 肌肉松弛剂 · 双磷酸盐
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脑、神经系统(N) |
麻醉剂(全身麻醉药、局部麻醉药) · 止痛剂 · 抗偏头痛药 · 抗惊厥药/情绪稳定药 · 抗帕金森病药 抗精神障碍药(抗焦虑药、抗精神分裂症药、催眠药/镇静剂) · 精神兴奋药(抗抑郁药、兴奋剂/觉醒促进剂)
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呼吸系统(R) |
解充血药 · 支气管扩张药 · 咳嗽药 · H1受体拮抗剂
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感觉系统(S) |
眼科用药 · 耳科用药
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其他(V) |
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造影剂 (V08)
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X射线和CT |
碘化,水溶性 |
向肾性、高渗透压 |
泛影酸#
- 甲泛影酸
- 碘达胺
- 碘他拉酸
- 碘羟拉酸
- 碘格利酸
- 醋碘苯酸
- 碘卡酸
- 碘甲磺酸盐
- 碘奥酮
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向肾性、低渗透压 |
- 甲泛葡胺
碘海醇#
- 碘克沙酸
- 碘帕醇
- 碘普胺
- 碘曲仑
- 碘佛醇
- 碘喷托
- 碘克沙醇
- 碘美普尔
- 碘比醇
- 碘昔兰
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亲肝 |
- 碘沙酸
- 碘曲西酸
- 碘甘卡酸
- 胆影酸
- 碘苯扎酸
- 碘番酸
- 碘西他酸
- 碘泊酸钠
- 丁碘苄丁酸
- 碘泊酸钙
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碘化,不溶于水 |
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非碘化 |
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磁共振造影剂 |
顺磁性 |
钆基础: 钆贝酸
- 钆布醇
- 钆双胺
- 钆磷维塞
- 钆
- 钆喷酸
- 钆特酸
- 钆特醇
- 钆弗塞胺
- 钆塞酸
其它: 枸橼酸铁铵
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超顺磁性 |
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其它 |
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超音波 |
人血清白蛋白微球体
半乳糖微颗粒
- 全氟戊烷
磷脂微球体
- 六氟化硫
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#世卫基本药物(WHO-EM)
‡从市场撤回
臨床試驗:
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59X27gmY7mNqL
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