Allen M. Sumner-class destroyer




1943 class of destroyers of the United States Navy



































































































Allen M. Sumner-class destroyer

USS Allen M. Sumner (DD-692) underway in the Atlantic Ocean on 26 March 1944 (NH 86272).jpg

USS Allen M. Sumner, the lead ship of her class, in 1944.

Class overview
Name:
Allen M. Sumner class
Builders:


  • Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Kearny, New Jersey


  • Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine


  • Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Staten Island, New York


  • Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, San Francisco, California


  • Bethlehem Steel Company, San Pedro, California, Terminal Island


  • Todd Pacific Shipyards, Seattle, Washington


Operators:


  •  United States Navy


  •  Republic of China Navy


  •  Argentine Navy


  •  Brazilian Navy


  •  Chilean Navy


  •  Colombian National Navy


  •  Hellenic Navy


  •  Republic of Korea Navy


  •  Turkish Naval Forces


  • Iran Imperial Iranian Navy


  •  Bolivarian Armada of Venezuela


Preceded by:
Fletcher class
Succeeded by:
Gearing class
Subclasses:
Robert H. Smith class
Cost:
$8 million, excluding armament

In commission:

1943–75 (USN)
Planned:
70
Completed:
58
Lost:
4, plus 2 not repaired
Preserved:
1
General characteristics
Type:
Destroyer
Displacement:

  • 2,200–2,220 tons standard

  • 3,515 tons full load


Length:

  • 369 ft (112 m) waterline

  • 376 ft 6 in (114.76 m) overall

  • 376 ft (115 m) overall (DD 725–728 & 730–734)


Beam:

  • 41 ft (12.5 m)

  • 40 ft (12 m) (DD 692–709)

  • 40 ft 9 in (12.42 m) (DD 744)

  • 41 ft 3 in (12.57 m) (DD 770–776)


Draft:

  • 15 ft 9 in (4.80 m) normal

  • 19 ft (5.8 m) full load

  • 18 ft 9 in (5.72 m) full load (DD 735-40 & 749–751 & 771–773)


Propulsion:
4 Babcock & Wilcox or Foster Wheeler boilers; two General Electric or Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 60,000 shp (45 MW) total; two shafts
Speed:
34 knots (63 km/h; 39 mph)
Range:

  • 6,000 nautical miles (11,000 km; 6,900 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)

  • 503 tons oil fuel (except DD 692–709 500 tons, DD 735–740 515 tons)


Complement:
336–363
Armament:


  • As built:

  • 6 × 5 in/38 cal guns (127 mm) (in 3 × 2 Mk 38 DP mounts)

  • 12 × 40 mm Bofors AA guns (2 × 4 & 2 × 2)

  • 11 × 20 mm Oerlikon cannons

  • 2 × Depth charge racks

  • 6 × K-gun depth charge throwers

  • 10 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes


  • Typical by 1950:

  • 6 × 5 in/38 cal guns (127 mm) (in 3 × 2 Mk 38 DP mounts)

  • 6 × 3 in/50 cal guns (76 mm) (2 × 2, 2 × 1)

  • 2 × Hedgehog ASW weapons

  • 1 × Depth charge rack

  • 6 × K-gun depth charge throwers


  • Typical after FRAM II: (1960–65)

  • 6 × 5 in/38 cal guns (127 mm) (in 3 × 2 Mk 38 DP mounts)

  • 2 × triple Mark 32 torpedo tubes for Mark 44 torpedoes

  • 2 × single 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes for Mark 37 torpedoes

  • 1 × Drone Anti-Submarine Helicopter (DASH)


  • Variable Depth Sonar (VDS)



The Allen M. Sumner class was a group of 58 destroyers built by the United States during World War II. Another twelve ships were completed as destroyer minelayers. Often referred to as simply the Sumner class, this class was characterized by their twin 5-inch/38 caliber gun mounts, dual rudders, additional anti-aircraft weapons, and many other advancements over the previous Fletcher class. The Allen M. Sumner design was extended 14 feet (4.3 m) amidships to become the Gearing class, which was produced in larger numbers.


Completed in 1943–45, four were lost in the war and two were damaged so badly they were scrapped, but the surviving ships served in the US Navy into the 1970s. After being retired from the US fleet, 29 of them were sold to other navies, where they served many more years. One still exists as a museum ship in South Carolina.




Contents






  • 1 Description


  • 2 Construction


  • 3 Service


  • 4 Disposition


    • 4.1 Argentina




  • 5 Ships in class


  • 6 See also


  • 7 References


  • 8 External links





Description


The first ship was laid down in May 1943, while the last was launched in April 1945. In that time the United States produced 58 Allen M. Sumner-class destroyers. The Allen M. Sumner class was an improvement of the previous Fletcher class, which were built from 1941 until 1944. In addition to three twin 5-inch/38 caliber gun mounts replacing the Fletchers' five single mounts, Sumners had twin rudders, giving them better maneuverability for ASW work when compared to Fletchers. The 5-inch guns were guided by a Mark 37 Gun Fire Control System with a Mark 25 fire control radar linked by a Mark 1A Fire Control Computer stabilized by a Mark 6 8,500 rpm gyro. This fire control system provided effective long-range anti-aircraft (AA) or anti-surface fire. The Allen M. Sumners also had much more short-range anti-aircraft armament than the Fletchers, with 12 40 mm guns and 11 20 mm guns compared with 8 40 mm and 7 20 mm for a typical late-war upgraded Fletcher. The initial design retained the Fletchers' heavy torpedo armament of 10 21-inch (533 mm) tubes in two quintuple mounts, firing the Mark 15 torpedo. As the threat from kamikaze aircraft mounted in 1945, and with few remaining Japanese warships to use torpedoes on, most of the class had the aft quintuple 21-inch torpedo tube mount replaced by an additional 40 mm quadruple mount for 16 total 40 mm guns.[1][2]


The Allen M. Sumners achieved a 20% increase in 5-inch gun armament and almost a 50% increase in light AA armament on a hull the same length as a Fletcher, only 15 inches (38 cm) wider, and about 15 inches (38 cm) deeper in draft. The increase in standard displacement was only 150 tons, about 7.5%. Thus, the Allen M. Sumner class was a significant improvement in combat power at a small increase in cost.


See also Robert H. Smith-class destroyer minelayer (DM), twelve of which were built on hulls originally intended as Allen M. Sumners. Gearing-class destroyers were of the same design, modified with a 14-foot (4.3 m) midship extension to carry more fuel to extend the ships' range.



Construction


Eighteen were built by Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company in Kearny, New Jersey. Fourteen were built by Bath Iron Works in Bath, Maine. Ten were built by Bethlehem Steel's Mariners Harbor shipyard on Staten Island. Six were built by Bethlehem Steel's Union Iron Works in San Francisco. Five were built by Bethlehem Steel in San Pedro, California. Five were built by Todd Pacific Shipyards in Seattle, Washington. USS Barton was the first ship of the class to be laid down and the first to be commissioned. USS Henley was the last commissioned.



Service


The Allen M. Sumners served on radar picket stations in the Battle of Okinawa, as well as other duties, and had several losses. Cooper, Meredith, Mannert L. Abele, and Drexler were lost during the war, and Hugh W. Hadley was so badly damaged by a kamikaze attack that she was scrapped soon after the war ended. In addition, Frank E. Evans was split in half in a collision with the aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne, and never repaired. After the war most of the class (except some of the light minelayers) had their 40 mm and 20 mm guns replaced by up to six 3-inch/50 caliber guns (76 mm), and the pole mast was replaced by a tripod to carry a new, heavier radar. On most ships one depth charge rack was removed and two Hedgehog mounts added. One of the two quintuple 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tube mountings had already been removed on most to make way for a quadruple 40 mm gun mounting and additional radar for the radar picket mission. 33 ships were converted under the Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization II (FRAM II) program 1960–65, but not as extensively as the Gearings. Typically, FRAM Allen M. Sumners retained all three 5-inch/38 twin mounts and received the Drone Anti-Submarine Helicopter (DASH), two triple Mark 32 torpedo tubes for the Mark 44 torpedo, and two new single 21-inch torpedo tubes for the Mark 37 torpedo, with all 3-inch and lighter guns, previous ASW armament, and 21-inch torpedo tubes being removed. Variable Depth Sonar (VDS) was also fitted; however, ASROC was not fitted. Ships that did not receive FRAM were typically upgraded with Mk 32 triple torpedo tubes in exchange for the K-guns, but retained Hedgehog and one depth charge rack.[2]


In Navy slang, the modified destroyers were called "FRAM cans", "can" being a contraction of "tin can", the slang term for a destroyer or destroyer escort.


Many Allen M. Sumners provided significant gunfire support in the Vietnam War. They also served as escorts for Carrier Battle Groups (Carrier Strike Groups from 2004) and Amphibious Ready Groups (Expeditionary Strike Groups from 2006). From 1965, some of the class were transferred to the Naval Reserve Force (NRF), with a partial active crew to train Naval reservists.



Disposition





USS De Haven c.1970 fitted with FRAM II modifications.


The ships served in the US Navy into the 1970s. DASH was withdrawn from anti-submarine warfare (ASW) service in 1969 due to poor reliability.[3] Lacking ASROC, the Allen M. Sumners were left without a standoff ASW capability, and were decommissioned 1970–73, with most being transferred to foreign navies. The FRAM Sumners were effectively replaced as ASW ships by the Knox-class frigates (destroyer escorts prior to 1975), which were commissioned 1969–74 and carried a piloted helicopter, typically the Kaman SH-2 Seasprite, and ASROC. After the Allen M. Sumners were retired from the US fleet, seven were sunk by the US in fleet training exercises and 13 were scrapped, while 29 were sold to other navies (two for spare parts), where they served for many more years. 12 were sold to the Republic of China Navy and 2 were sold to the Republic of Korea Navy. 2 were sold to the Iran and 1 was sold to Turkey. 1 was sold to Greece. 2 were sold to Venezuela, 2 to Colombia, 2 sold to Chile, 5 sold to Brazil and 4 to Argentina.


Currently, only USS Laffey (DD-724) located at Patriots Point, Charleston, South Carolina remains as a museum ship.



Argentina


The Argentine Navy acquired four Sumners as a more capable adjunct to their previously acquired Fletcher class destroyers. While one was merely to provide spare parts to keep the rest of the fleet serviceable, the other three would go on and serve through the Falklands War, in which they would take a minor role. Soon after the conflict, they were stricken and disposed of.






































Pennant Ship name Former name Acquired Fate
D-25
ARA Segui
USS Hank
1 July 1972 Scrapped in 1983
D-26
ARA Hipólito Bouchard
USS Borie
1 July 1972 Scrapped in 1984
D-29
ARA Piedrabuena
USS Collett
4 June 1974 Sunk as a target in 1988
-
- USS Mansfield
4 June 1974 Not commissioned; cannibalized for spare parts



Ships in class













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Ship Name
Hull No.
Builder
Laid down
Launched
Commissioned
Decommissioned
Fate
Reference

Allen M. Sumner
DD-692

Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company
7 July 1943
15 December 1943
26 January 1944
15 August 1973
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping

externalities



[1] [2]

Moale
DD-693
5 August 1943
16 January 1944
28 February 1944
2 July 1973
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping

[3] [4]

Ingraham
DD-694
4 August 1943
16 January 1944
10 March 1944
15 June 1971
Sold to Greece 16 July 1971 as Miaoulis

[5]

Cooper
DD-695
30 August 1943
9 February 1944
27 March 1944
N/A
Torpedoed and sunk by destroyer Take while intercepting a Japanese convoy into Ormoc Bay 3 December 1944

[6]

English
DD-696
19 October 1943
27 February 1944
4 May 1944
15 May 1970
Sold to Republic of China Navy 11 August 1970 as Huei Yang

[7]

Charles S. Sperry
DD-697
19 October 1943
13 March 1944
17 May 1944
15 December 1973
Sold to Chile 8 January 1974 as Ministro Zenteno

[8]

Ault
DD-698
15 November 1943
26 March 1944
31 May 1944
16 July 1973
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping

[9] [10]

Waldron
DD-699
16 November 1943
26 March 1944
7 June 1944
17 May 1950
Sold to Colombia 30 October 1973 as Santander (DD-03)

[11] [12]
20 November 1950
30 October 1973

Haynsworth
DD-700
16 December 1943
15 April 1944
22 June 1944
30 January 1970
Sold to Republic of China Navy 12 May 1970 as Yuen Yang

[13]
22 September 1950
19 May 1950

John W. Weeks
DD-701
17 January 1944
21 May 1944
21 July 1944
31 May 1950
Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 19 November 1970

[14] [15]
24 October 1950
12 August 1970

Hank
DD-702
17 January 1944
21 May 1944
28 August 1944
1 July 1972
Sold to Argentina 1 July 1972 as Segui

[16] [17]

Wallace L. Lind
DD-703
14 February 1944
14 June 1944
8 September 1944
4 December 1973
Sold to Republic of Korea Navy 4 December 1973 as Dae Gu

[18] [19]

Borie
DD-704
29 February 1944
4 July 1944
21 September 1944
1 July 1972
Sold to Argentina 1 July 1972 as Hipólito Bouchard (D-26)

[20]

Compton
DD-705
28 March 1944
17 September 1944
4 November 1944
17 September 1972
Sold to Brazil 27 September 1972 as Mato Grosso

[21]

Gainard
DD-706
29 March 1944
17 September 1944
23 November 1944
26 February 1971
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping

[22]

Soley
DD-707
18 April 1944
8 September 1944
7 December 1944
13 February 1970
Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise

[23]

Harlan R. Dickson
DD-708
23 May 1944
17 December 1944
17 February 1945
1 July 1972
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 4 January 1973

[24] [25]

Hugh Purvis
DD-709
23 May 1944
17 December 1944
1 March 1945
15 June 1972
Sold to Turkey 1 July 1972 as Zafer (F 253)

[26] [27]

Barton
DD-722

Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine
24 May 1943
10 October 1943
30 December 1943
22 January 1947
Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise.

[28]
11 April 1949
30 September 1968

Walke
DD-723
7 June 1943
27 October 1943
21 January 1944
30 May 1947
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 3 January 1975

[29] [30]
5 October 1950
30 November 1970

Laffey
DD-724
28 June 1943
21 November 1943
8 February 1944
30 June 1947
Preserved as memorial and berthed at Patriot's Point, Charleston, South Carolina

[31] [32]
26 January 1951
9 March 1975

O'Brien
DD-725
12 July 1943
8 December 1943
25 February 1944
4 October 1947
Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 12 January 1972

[33] [34]
5 October 1950
18 February 1972

Meredith
DD-726
26 July 1943
21 December 1943
14 March 1944
N/A
Sunk 9 June 1944, Wreck sold and scrapped 5 August 1960

[35]

De Haven
DD-727
9 August 1943
9 January 1944
31 March 1944
3 December 1973
Sold to Republic of Korea Navy, 5 December 1973 as Incheon

[36] [37]

Mansfield
DD-728
28 August 1943
29 January 1944
14 April 1944
4 February 1971
Sold to Argentina 4 June 1974 for spare parts

[38] [39]

Lyman K. Swenson
DD-729
11 September 1943
12 February 1944
2 May 1944
12 February 1971
Sold to Republic of China Navy 6 May 1974 for spare parts

[40] [41]

Collett
DD-730
11 October 1943
5 March 1944
16 May 1944
18 December 1970
Sold to Argentina in 1974 as Piedra Buena (D-29)

[42] [43]

Maddox
DD-731
28 October 1943
19 March 1944
2 June 1944
2 July 1972
Sold to Republic of China Navy as Po Yang

[44] [45]

Hyman
DD-732
22 November 1943
8 April 1944
16 June 1944
16 November 1969
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping

[46]

Mannert L. Abele
DD-733
9 December 1943
23 April 1944
4 July 1944
N/A
Sunk by an Ohka bomb during the battle for Okinawa 12 April 1945

[47]

Purdy
DD-734
22 December 1943
7 May 1944
18 July 1944
2 July 1973
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 6 January 1974

[48]

Drexler
DD-741
24 April 1944
3 September 1944
14 November 1944
N/A
Sunk by kamikaze 28 May 1945

[49]

Blue
DD-744

Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Staten Island, New York
30 June 1943
28 November 1943
20 March 1944
14 February 1947
Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 28 April 1977

[50] [51]
14 May 1949
12 December 1949
15 September 1950
27 January 1971

Brush
DD-745
30 July 1943
28 December 1943
17 April 1944
27 October 1969
Sold to Republic of China Navy 9 December 1969 as Hsiang Yang

[52]

Taussig
DD-746
30 August 1943
25 January 1944
20 May 1944
1 December 1970
Sold to Republic of China Navy as second Lo Yang (DDG-914). Sold as scrap in 2013.

[53] [54]

Samuel N. Moore
DD-747
30 September 1943
23 February 1944
24 June 1944
24 October 1969
Sold to Republic of China Navy 10 December 1969 as Heng Yang (DD-2)

[55]

Harry E. Hubbard
DD-748
30 October 1943
24 March 1944
22 July 1944
15 January 1947
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping

[56]
14 May 1949
12 December 1949
27 October 1950
17 October 1969

Alfred A. Cunningham
DD-752
23 February 1944
3 August 1944
23 November 1944
August 1949
Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 10 January 1979

[57] [58]
5 October 1950
24 February 1971

John R. Pierce
DD-753
24 March 1944
1 September 1944
30 December 1944
1 May 1947
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 10 January 1974

[59] [60]
11 April 1949
2 July 1973

Frank E. Evans
DD-754
21 April 1944
3 October 1944
3 February 1945
11 May 1949
Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 10 October 1969

[61] [62]
15 September 1950
1 July 1969

John A. Bole
DD-755
20 May 1944
1 November 1944
3 March 1945
6 November 1970
Sold to Republic of China Navy 6 May 1974 for spare parts

[63] [64]

Beatty
DD-756
4 July 1944
30 November 1944
31 March 1945
14 July 1972
Sold to Venezuela 14 July 1972 as Carabobo

[65]

Putnam
DD-757

Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, San Francisco
11 July 1943
26 March 1944
12 October 1944
6 January 1950
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 6 January 1974

[66] [67]
October 1950
6 August 1973

Strong
DD-758
25 July 1943
23 April 1944
8 March 1945
9 May 1947
Sold to Brazil, 31 October 1973, as Rio Grande do Norte (D-37)

[68] [69]
14 May 1949
31 October 1973

Lofberg
DD-759
4 November 1943
12 August 1944
26 April 1945
15 January 1971
Sold to Republic of China Navy 6 May 1974 for spare parts

[70] [71]

John W. Thomason
DD-760
21 November 1943
30 September 1944
11 October 1945
8 December 1970
Sold to Republic of China Navy 6 May 1974 as Nan Yang

[72] [73]

Buck
DD-761
1 February 1944
11 March 1945
28 June 1946
15 July 1973
Sold to Brazil 16 July 1973 as Alagoas

[74] [75]

Henley
DD-762
8 February 1944
8 April 1945
8 October 1946
1 March 1950
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 6 January 1974

[76] [77]
23 September 1950
1 July 1973

Lowry
DD-770

Bethlehem Steel Company, San Pedro, California, Terminal Island
1 August 1943
6 February 1944
23 July 1944
30 June 1947
Sold to Brazil 31 October 1973 as Espirito Santo

[78] [79]
27 December 1950
29 October 1973

Hugh W. Hadley
DD-774
6 February 1944
16 July 1944
25 November 1944
15 December 1945
Sold 2 September 1947 for scrap

[80]

Willard Keith
DD-775
5 March 1944
29 August 1944
27 December 1944
20 June 1947
Sold to Colombia as Caldas (DD-02)

[81]
23 October 1950
1 July 1972

James C. Owens
DD-776
9 April 1944
1 October 1944
17 February 1945
3 April 1950
Sold to Brazil 15 July 1973 as Sergipe

[82] [83]
20 September 1950
15 July 1973

Zellars
DD-777

Todd Pacific Shipyards, Seattle, Washington
24 December 1943
19 July 1944
25 October 1944
19 March 1971
Sold to Iran 12 October 1973 as Babr

[84]

Massey
DD-778
14 January 1944
12 September 1944
24 November 1944
17 September 1973
Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 10 January 1974

[85] [86]

Douglas H. Fox
DD-779
31 January 1944
30 September 1944
26 December 1944
21 April 1950
Sold to Chile 8 January 1974 Ministro Portales (DD-17)

[87] [88]
15 November 1950
15 December 1973

Stormes
DD-780
15 February 1944
4 November 1944
27 January 1945
5 December 1970
Sold to Iran 16 February 1972 Palang (DDG-9)

[89]

Robert K. Huntington
DD-781
29 February 1944
5 December 1944
3 March 1945
31 October 1973
Sold to Venezuela as Falcon

[90] [91]

Bristol
DD-857

Bethlehem Steel Company, San Pedro, California, Terminal Island
5 May 1944
29 October 1944
17 March 1945
21 November 1969
Sold to Republic of China Navy 9 December 1969 Hua Yang

[92]


See also



  • List of ships of the Second World War

  • List of ship classes of the Second World War



References









  1. ^ ."The Sumner Class As Built Archived 22 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 25 August 2009."


  2. ^ ab Friedman, Norman "US Destroyers: An Illustrated Design History (Revised Edition)", Naval Institute Press, Annapolis:2004, .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 1-55750-442-3.



  3. ^ Friedman, p. 283




External links








  • Allen M. Sumner-class destroyers at Destroyer History Foundation

  • GlobalSecurity.org

  • http://www.gyrodynehelicopters.com/sumner_class.htm


  • "Super Destroyer Packs Punch of Prewar Cruiser." Popular Mechanics, February 1945, p. 32.

  • NavSource Destroyer Photo Page

  • (Chinese)Old ships to be sold for scrap, including DDG-914, former DD-746 in US









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