Gearing-class destroyer
 USS Gearing in 1960 | |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Gearing class |
| Builders: |
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| Operators: |
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| Preceded by: | Allen M. Sumner class |
| Succeeded by: | Mitscher class |
| Planned: | 152 |
| Completed: | 98 |
| Cancelled: | 54 |
| Active: | 0 |
| Laid up: | 2 |
| Retired: | 98 |
| Preserved: | 5 |
| General characteristics as originally built | |
| Type: | Destroyer |
| Displacement: | 2,616 tons standard; 3,460 tons full load |
| Length: | 390.5 ft (119.0 m) |
| Beam: | 40.9 ft (12.5 m) |
| Draft: | 14.3 ft (4.4 m) |
| Propulsion: | 2 shaft; General Electric steam turbines; 4 boilers; 60,000 shp |
| Speed: | 36.8 knots (68.2 km/h; 42.3 mph) |
| Range: | 4,500 nmi (8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) |
| Complement: | 350 as designed |
| Armament: |
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The Gearing class was a series of 98 destroyers built for the U.S. Navy during and shortly after World War II. The Gearing design was a minor modification of the Allen M. Sumner class, whereby the hull was lengthened by 14 ft (4.3 m) at amidships, which resulted in more fuel storage space and increased the operating range.
The first Gearings were not ready for service until mid-1945 and thus saw little service in World War II. They continued serving, with a series of upgrades, until the 1970s. At that time many were sold to other nations, where they served many more years.
Nine Gearing-class ships still exist. ARM Netzahualcóyotl (ex-Steinaker) was active in the Mexican Navy until 2014 and is slated to be sunk as an artificial reef. As of April 2012 two were laid up in non-operational condition in Kaohsiung, Taiwan: ROCS Chien Yang (ex-James E. Kyes) and ROCS Sheng Yang, (ex-Power). The other six are museum ships: TCG Gayret, (ex-Eversole), in Izmit, Turkey; ROKS Jeong Buk, (ex-Everett F. Larson), near Gangneung, South Korea; ROCS Te Yang, (ex-Sarsfield), in Tainan, Taiwan; USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. in Fall River, Massachusetts; ROKS Jeong Ju, (ex-Rogers), near Cheonan, South Korea and USS Orleck in Lake Charles, Louisiana. ROKS Kang Won (ex-William R. Rush), formerly a museum near Busan, South Korea, was scrapped as of December 2016.
Contents
1 Procurement and construction
2 Cancelled vessels
3 Design
3.1 1946-59 upgrades
4 FRAM I upgrade
5 FRAM II upgrade
6 Service and disposition
7 Yang class
8 Ships in class
9 References
10 External links
Procurement and construction
31 vessels were authorised on 9 July 1942:
- DD-710 to DD-721 awarded to Federal Shipbuilding, Kearny.
- DD-742 to DD-743 awarded to Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine.
- DD-763 to DD-769 awarded to Bethlehem Steel, San Francisco.
- DD-782 to DD-791 awarded to Todd Pacific Shipyards, Seattle.
4 vessels were authorised on 13 May 1942:
- DD-805 to DD-808 awarded to Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine.
3 vessels were authorised on 27 March 1943 under the Vinson–Trammell Act:
- DD-809 to DD-811 awarded to Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine. (later cancelled)
114 vessels were authorised on 19 July 1943 under the 70% Expansion Act:
- DD-812 awarded to Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine. (later cancelled)
- DD-813 to DD-814 awarded to Bethlehem Steel, Staten Island. (later cancelled)
- DD-815 to DD-825 awarded to Consolidated Steel, Orange. (815 and 816 later cancelled)
- DD-826 to DD-849 awarded to Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine.
- DD-850 to DD-853 awarded to Bethlehem Steel, Fore River Shipyard, Quincy.
- DD-854 to DD-856 awarded to Bethlehem Steel, Staten Island. (later cancelled)
- DD-858 to DD-861 awarded to Bethlehem Steel, San Pedro.
- DD-862 to DD-872 awarded to Bethlehem Steel, Staten Island.
- DD-873 to DD-890 awarded to Consolidated Steel, Orange.
- DD-891 to DD-893 awarded to Federal Shipbuilding, Kearny. (later cancelled)
- DD-894 to DD-895 awarded to Consolidated Steel, Orange. (later cancelled)
- DD-896 to DD-904 awarded to Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine. (later cancelled)
- DD-905 to DD-908 awarded to Boston Navy Yard. (later cancelled)
- DD-909 to DD-916 awarded to Bethlehem Steel, Staten Island. (later cancelled)
- DD-917 to DD-924 awarded to Consolidated Steel, Orange. (later cancelled)
- DD-925 to DD-926 awarded to Charleston Navy Yard. (later cancelled)
(Of the missing numbers in this sequence - 722 to 741, 744 to 762, 770 to 781, and 857 were allocated to orders for Allen M. Sumner-class destroyers; 792 to 804 were awarded to orders for Fletcher-class destroyers.)
Cancelled vessels
In March 1945, the orders for 36 of the above vessels were cancelled, and 11 more orders were cancelled in August 1945. Following the close of World War II, 7 further vessels were cancelled in 1946:
Castle (DD-720) and Woodrow R. Thomson (DD-721), the last pair of the twelve vessels launched by Federal Shipbuilding at Kearny, were cancelled on 11 February 1946. They were sold on 29 August 1955 and scrapped.
Lansdale (DD-766) and Seymour D. Owens (DD-767), both launched by Bethlehem at San Francisco, were cancelled on 7 January 1946. Their bows were used to repair other destroyers, and their remains were scrapped in 1958-59.
Hoel (DD-768) and Abner Read (ii) (DD-769), both building by Bethlehem at San Francisco, were cancelled on 12 September 1946 prior to launch and broken up on the slip.
Seaman (DD-791), built by Todd Pacific Shipyards at Seattle; partially completed. Put in reserve on 25 June 1946, sold 12 September 1961, scrapped 22 September 1961.- Four unnamed vessels (DD-809 to DD-812) awarded to Bath Iron Works, five others (DD-813, DD-814, and DD-854 to DD-856) awarded to Bethlehem at Staten Island, and two more (DD-815 and DD-816) awarded to Consolidated Steel Corporation at Orange, were all cancelled on 12 August 1945. DD-815 would have been named Charles H. Roan (the name was re-allocated to DD-853) and DD-816 would have been named Timmerman (the name was re-allocated to DD-828).
- Three more unnamed vessels (DD-891 to DD-893) awarded to Federal Shipbuilding at Kearney, were cancelled 8 March 1945.
- Ten more unnamed vessels (DD-894, DD-895, and DD-917 to DD-924) awarded to Consolidated Steel Corporation at Orange, and four more (DD-905 to DD-908) awarded to Boston Navy Yard, and another two (DD-925 and DD-926) awarded to Charleston Navy Yard, were all cancelled on 27 March 1945.
- Nine more unnamed vessels (DD-896 to DD-904) awarded to Bath Iron Works, and another eight (DD-909 to DD-916) awarded to Bethlehem at Staten Island, were all cancelled on 28 March 1945.
Design
The first ship was laid down in August 1944, while the last was launched in March 1946. In that time the United States produced 98 Gearing-class destroyers. The Gearing class was a seemingly minor improvement of the Allen M. Sumner class, built from 1943 until 1945. The main difference was that the Gearings were 14 feet (4.3 m) longer in the midship section, allowing for increased fuel tankage for greater range, an important consideration in Pacific War operations. More importantly in the long run, the Gearings' increased size made them much more suitable for upgrades than the Allen M. Sumners, as seen in the wartime radar picket subclass, the 1950s radar picket destroyer (DDR) and escort destroyer (DDE) conversions, and the Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization (FRAM) conversions 1960-65. As designed, the Gearings' armament was identical to that on the Allen M. Sumner class. Three twin 5-inch (127 mm)/38 caliber Mark 38 dual purpose (DP) mounts constituted the main battery. The 5-inch guns were guided by a Mark 37 Gun Fire Control System with a Mark 25 fire control radar linked by a Mark 1A Fire Control Computer stabilized by a Mark 6 8,500 rpm gyro. This fire control system provided effective long-range anti-aircraft (AA) or anti-surface fire. Twelve 40 mm guns in two quad and two twin mounts and 11 20 mm guns in single mounts were also equipped. The initial design retained the Sumners' heavy torpedo armament of 10 21" (533mm) tubes in two quintuple mounts, firing the Mark 15 torpedo. As the threat from kamikaze aircraft mounted in 1945, and with few remaining Japanese warships to use torpedoes on, most of the class had the aft quintuple 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tube mount replaced by an additional 40 mm quadruple mount (prior to completion on later ships) for 16 total 40 mm guns. 26 ships (DD-742-745, 805-808, 829-835, and 873-883) were ordered without torpedo tubes to allow for radar picket equipment; these were redesignated as DDRs in 1948.[1][2][3][4]
1946-59 upgrades
Chart showing the development of the Gearing class.
George K. MacKenzie, Leonard F. Mason, Henry W. Tucker and Rupertus under the Story Bridge, Brisbane, Australia in January 1958.
Following World War II most of the class had their AA and anti-submarine warfare (ASW) armament upgraded. The 40 mm and 20 mm guns were replaced by 2-6 3-inch (76 mm)/50 caliber guns in up to two twin and one single mounting. One depth charge rack was removed and two Hedgehog ASW mortar mounts added. The K-guns were retained. Nine additional (for a total of 35) ships were converted to radar picket destroyers (DDR) in the early 1950s; these typically received only one 3-inch/50 caliber twin mount to save weight for radar equipment, as did the wartime radar pickets. Nine ships were converted to escort destroyers (DDE), emphasizing ASW. Carpenter was the most thorough DDE conversion, with 4 3-inch/70 caliber guns in twin enclosed mounts, two Weapon Alpha launchers, four new 21-inch torpedo tubes for the Mark 37 ASW torpedo, and one depth charge rack.[5]
FRAM I upgrade
Sarsfield (top) as delivered and Rowan (bottom) after FRAM I.
In the late 1950s and early 1960s 78 of the Gearing-class destroyers underwent extensive modernization overhauls, known as FRAM I, which were designed to convert them from an anti-aircraft destroyer to an anti-submarine warfare platform. FRAM I removed all of the DDR and DDE equipment, and these ships were redesignated as DDs. FRAM I and FRAM II conversions were completed 1960-65. Eventually all but four Gearings received FRAM conversions.[6]
The FRAM I program was an extensive conversion for the Gearing-class destroyers. This upgrade included rebuilding the ship's superstructure, electronic systems, radar, sonar, and weapons. The second twin 5" gun mount and all previous AA guns and ASW equipment were removed. (On several ships the two forward 5-inch mounts remained and the aft 5-inch mount was removed.) Upgraded systems included SQS-23 sonar, SPS-10 surface search radar, two triple Mark 32 torpedo tubes, an 8-cell Anti-Submarine Rocket (ASROC) box launcher, and one QH-50C DASH ASW drone helicopter, with its own landing pad and hangar. Both the Mk 32 torpedo tubes and ASROC launched Mk. 44 homing ASW torpedoes. ASROC could also launch a nuclear depth charge. On 11 May 1962, Agerholm tested a live nuclear ASROC in the "Swordfish" test.[7][8][9]
In Navy slang, the modified destroyers were called "FRAM cans", "can" being a contraction of "tin can", the slang term for a destroyer or destroyer escort.[citation needed]
The Gyrodyne QH-50C DASH was an unmanned anti-submarine helicopter, controlled remotely from the ship. The drone could carry two Mk.44 homing ASW torpedoes. During this era the ASROC system had an effective range of only 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi), but the DASH drone allowed the ship to deploy ASW attack to sonar contacts as far as 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) away.[10]
An upgraded version of DASH, QH-50D, remained in use by the United States Army until May 2006.[11]
FRAM I "A" Ships: Removal of aft Twin 5 inch/38 caliber Gun mount (Mount 53). GROUP A ships also received two MK10/11 Hedgehogs fitted on each side of the bridge at the O-1 level and had the MK-32 triple torpedo launchers aft of the second stack. FRAM I "B" Ships: Kept their forward 5 inch mount (Mount 51), lost the second mount (Mount 52) and kept their aft 5 inch mount (Mount 53). In place of mount 52, a practice 5 inch reloading machine was installed with the MK-32 triple torpedo launchers aft of the loader. Group B ships also received greater ASROC and torpedo storage areas next to the port side of the DASH hangar.[12][13]
FRAM II upgrade
Norris after FRAM II.
The FRAM II program was designed primarily for the Sumner-class destroyers, but sixteen Gearings were upgraded as well. This upgrade program included life-extension refurbishment, a new radar system, Mark 32 torpedo tubes, DASH ASW drone, and variable depth sonar (VDS). Importantly, it did not include ASROC. FRAM II ships included six DDRs and six DDEs that retained their specialized equipment (1960–61), as well as four DDRs that were converted to DDs and were nearly identical to the Allen M. Sumner class FRAM IIs (1962–63). The FRAM II ships retained all six 5-inch guns, except the DDEs retained four 5-inch guns and a trainable Hedgehog in the No. 2 position. All FRAM IIs retained two Hedgehogs alongside either the No. 2 5-inch mount or the trainable Hedgehog mount. The four DDRs converted to DDs were armed with two new 21-inch torpedo tubes for the Mk. 37 ASW homing torpedo. Photographs of the six retained DDRs show no markings on the DASH landing deck, as well as a much smaller deckhouse than was usually provided for DASH, so they may not have been equipped with DASH.
Service and disposition
Many of the Gearings provided significant gunfire support in the Vietnam War. They also served as escorts for Carrier Battle Groups (carrier strike groups from 2004) and Amphibious Ready Groups (Expeditionary Strike Groups from 2006). DASH was withdrawn from ASW service in 1969 due to poor reliability. Lacking ASROC, the FRAM II ships were disposed of in 1969-74. With ASROC continuing to provide a standoff ASW capability, the Gearing FRAM Is were retained in service for several years, with most being decommissioned and transferred to foreign navies 1973-80. They were replaced as ASW ships by the Spruance-class destroyers, which were commissioned 1975-83. These had the same ASW armament as a Gearing FRAM destroyer, with the addition of improved sonar and a piloted helicopter, initially the Kaman SH-2 Seasprite and from 1984 the Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk. Some Gearings served in the Naval Reserve Force (NRF) from 1973, remaining in commission with a partial active crew to provide training for Naval reservists. The last Gearing-class destroyer in US naval service was William C. Lawe, a FRAM I, decommissioned and struck 1 October 1983 and expended as a target 14 July 1999.[14]
Yang class
The Taiwanese destroyer Liao Yang in 1993 (ex Hanson).
After the Gearing-class ships were retired from USN service, many were sold abroad, including over a dozen to the Republic of China Navy (ROCN) in Taiwan. These ships, along with Fletcher-class destroyers and Allen M. Sumner-class destroyers also acquired then, were upgraded under the Wu Chin (Chinese: 武進) I, II, and III programs and known throughout the ROCN as the Yang-class (Chinese: 陽字號) destroyers as they were assigned names that all end with the word "Yang". The last batch of 7 WC-III program vessels, all of them Gearing class, were retired in the early 2000s.[15]
Under the most advanced Wu Chin III upgrade program, all World War II vintage weapons were removed and replaced with four Hsiung Feng II surface-to-surface missiles, ten SM-1 (box launchers), one 8-cell ASROC, one Otobreda 76 mm (3 in) gun, two Bofors 40 mm (1.6 in)/70 AA, one 20 mm Phalanx CIWS and two triple 12.75 in (324 mm) torpedo tubes. The DASH ASW drones were not acquired, but hangar facilities aboard those ships that had them were later used to accommodate ASW versions of MD 500 Defender helicopters.
After the Yang-class destroyers were decommissioned, the SM-1 launch boxes were moved to Chi Yang-class frigates to improve their anti-air capability.
Ships in class
| Ship name | Hull no. | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | FRAM I | FRAM II | Decommissioned | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gearing | DD-710 | Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newark, New Jersey | 10 August 1944 | 18 February 1945 | 3 May 1945 | B | 2 July 1973 | Sold for scrap, 6 November 1974 | |
Eugene A. Greene | DD-711 | 17 August 1944 | 18 March 1945 | 8 June 1945 | B | 31 August 1972 | Transferred to Spain, 31 August 1972 | ||
Gyatt | DD-712 | 7 September 1944 | 15 April 1945 | 2 July 1945 | 22 October 1969 | Sunk as a target, 11 June 1970 | |||
Kenneth D. Bailey | DD-713 DDR-713 | 21 September 1944 | 17 June 1945 | 31 July 1945 | * | 20 January 1970 | Sold to Iran, 13 January 1975, to be broken up for spare parts | ||
William R. Rush | DD-714 | 19 October 1944 | 8 July 1945 | 21 September 1945 | B | 1 July 1978 | Transferred to South Korea in 1978; retired in 2000; became museum ship; scrapped December 2016 | ||
William M. Wood | DD-715 | 2 November 1944 | 29 July 1945 | 24 November 1945 | B | 1 December 1976 | Sunk as target off Puerto Rico during ReadEx 1-83 in March 1983 | ||
Wiltsie | DD-716 | 13 March 1945 | 31 August 1945 | 12 January 1946 | B | 23 January 1976 | Sold to Pakistan, 29 April 1977 | ||
Theodore E. Chandler | DD-717 | 23 April 1945 | 20 October 1945 | 22 March 1946 | B | 1 April 1975 | Sold for scrap, 30 December 1975 | ||
Hamner | DD-718 | 25 April 1945 | 24 November 1945 | 12 July 1946 | B | 1 October 1979 | Sold to Taiwan, 17 December 1980 | ||
Epperson | DD-719 DDE-719 | 20 June 1945 | 22 December 1945 | 19 March 1949 | B | 1 December 1975 | Transferred to Pakistan, 29 April 1977 | ||
Frank Knox | DD-742 DDR-742 | Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine | 8 May 1944 | 17 September 1944 | 11 December 1944 | * | 30 January 1971 | Transferred to Greece, 3 February 1971 | |
Southerland | DD-743 | 27 May 1944 | 5 October 1944 | 22 December 1944 | B | 26 February 1981 | Sunk as a target, 2 August 1997 | ||
William C. Lawe | DD-763 | Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, San Francisco, California | 12 March 1944 | 21 May 1945 | 18 December 1946 | B | 1 October 1983 | Sunk as a target, 14 July 1999 | |
Lloyd Thomas | DD-764 DDE-764 | 26 March 1944 | 5 October 1945 | 21 March 1947 | * | 12 October 1972 | Sold to the Republic of China, 12 October 1972 | ||
Keppler | DD-765 DDE-765 | 23 April 1944 | 24 June 1946 | 23 May 1947 | * | 1 July 1972 | Sold to Turkey | ||
Rowan | DD-782 | Todd Pacific Shipyards, Seattle, Washington | 25 March 1944 | 29 December 1944 | 31 March 1945 | B | 18 December 1975 | Ran aground and wrecked while under tow, 22 August 1977 | |
Gurke | DD-783 | 1 July 1944 | 15 February 1945 | 12 May 1945 | B | 30 January 1976 | Transferred to Greece, 17 March 1977 | ||
McKean | DD-784 | 15 September 1944 | 31 March 1945 | 9 June 1945 | B | 1 October 1981 | Transferred to Turkey, 2 November 1982 | ||
Henderson | DD-785 | 27 October 1944 | 28 May 1945 | 4 August 1945 | B | 30 September 1980 | Sold to Pakistan, 1 October 1980 | ||
Richard B. Anderson | DD-786 | 1 December 1944 | 7 July 1945 | 26 October 1945 | A | 20 December 1975 | Transferred to Republic of China, 1 June 1977 | ||
James E. Kyes | DD-787 | 27 December 1944 | 4 August 1945 | 8 February 1946 | B | 31 March 1973 | Transferred to Taiwan, 18 April 1973 | ||
Hollister | DD-788 | 18 January 1945 | 9 October 1945 | 29 March 1946 | B | 31 August 1979 | Transferred to Taiwan, 3 March 1983 | ||
Eversole | DD-789 | 28 February 1945 | 8 January 1946 | 10 May 1946 | B | 11 July 1973 | Transferred to Turkey, 11 July 1973 | ||
Shelton | DD-790 | 31 May 1945 | 8 March 1946 | 21 June 1946 | A | 31 March 1973 | Sold to Taiwan, 18 April 1973 | ||
Chevalier | DD-805 DDR-805 | Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine | 12 June 1944 | 29 October 1944 | 9 January 1945 | * | 5 July 1972 | Transferred to South Korea, 5 July 1972 | |
Higbee | DD-806 | 26 June 1944 | 13 November 1944 | 27 January 1945 | B | 15 July 1979 | Sunk as a target, 24 April 1986 | ||
Benner | DD-807 DDR-807 | 10 July 1944 | 30 November 1944 | 13 February 1945 | * | 20 November 1970 | Sold for scrap, 18 April 1975 | ||
Dennis J. Buckley | DD-808 | 24 July 1944 | 20 December 1944 | 2 March 1945 | B | 2 July 1973 | Sold for scrap, 29 April 1974 | ||
Corry | DD-817 | Consolidated Steel Corporation, Orange, Texas | 5 April 1945 | 28 July 1945 | 27 February 1946 | B | 27 February 1981 | Transferred to Greece, 8 July 1981 | |
New | DD-818 | 14 April 1945 | 18 August 1945 | 5 April 1946 | B | 1 July 1976 | Transferred to South Korea, 23 February 1977 | ||
Holder | DD-819 | 23 April 1945 | 25 August 1945 | 18 May 1946 | B | 1 October 1976 | Transferred to Ecuador, 23 February 1977 | ||
Rich | DD-820 | 16 May 1945 | 5 October 1945 | 3 July 1946 | B | 10 November 1977 | Sold for scrap, 5 December 1979 | ||
Johnston | DD-821 | 26 March 1945 | 10 October 1945 | 23 August 1946 | B | 27 February 1981 | Transferred to Republic of China, 27 February 1981 | ||
Robert H. McCard | DD-822 | 20 June 1945 | 9 November 1945 | 23 October 1946 | B | 5 June 1980 | Transferred to Turkey, 5 June 1980 | ||
Samuel B. Roberts | DD-823 | 27 June 1945 | 30 November 1945 | 22 December 1946 | B | 2 November 1970 | Sunk as a target, 14 November 1971 | ||
Basilone | DD-824 DDE-824 | 7 July 1945 | 21 December 1945 | 26 July 1949 | B | 1 November 1977 | Sunk in exercise, 9 April 1982 | ||
Carpenter | DD-825 DDK-825 DDE-825 | 30 July 1945 | 28 September 1945 | 15 December 1949 | B | 20 February 1981 | Leased to Turkey, 20 February 1981 | ||
Agerholm | DD-826 | Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine | 10 September 1945 | 30 March 1946 | 20 June 1946 | A | 1 December 1978 | Sunk as a target, 18 July 1982 | |
Robert A. Owens | DD-827 DDK-827 DDE-827 | 29 October 1945 | 15 July 1946 | 5 November 1949 | B | 16 February 1982 | Transferred to Turkey, 16 February 1982 | ||
Timmerman | DD-828 | 1 October 1945 | 19 May 1951 | 26 September 1952 | 27 July 1956 | Sold for scrap, 21 April 1959 | |||
Myles C. Fox | DD-829 | 14 August 1944 | 13 January 1945 | 20 March 1945 | B | 1 October 1979 | Transferred to Greece for spare parts, 2 August 1980 | ||
Everett F. Larson | DD-830 DDR-830 | 4 September 1944 | 28 January 1945 | 6 April 1945 | * | 30 October 1972 | Transferred to South Korea, 30 October 1972 | ||
Goodrich | DD-831 DDR-831 | 18 September 1944 | 25 February 1945 | 24 April 1945 | * | 30 November 1969 | Sold for scrap, 12 September 1977 | ||
Hanson | DD-832 | 7 October 1944 | 11 March 1945 | 11 May 1945 | B | 31 March 1973 | Transferred to Republic of China, 18 April 1973 | ||
Herbert J. Thomas | DD-833 | 30 October 1944 | 25 March 1945 | 29 May 1945 | B | 4 December 1970 | Transferred to Republic of China, 1 June 1974 | ||
Turner | DD-834 DDR-834 | 13 November 1944 | 8 April 1945 | 12 June 1945 | * | 26 September 1969 | Sold for scrap, 13 October 1970 | ||
Charles P. Cecil | DD-835 | 2 December 1944 | 2 April 1945 | 29 June 1945 | B | 1 October 1979 | Sold to Greece, 8 August 1980 | ||
George K. MacKenzie | DD-836 | 21 December 1944 | 13 May 1945 | 13 July 1945 | B | 30 September 1976 | Sunk as a target, 15 October 1976 | ||
Sarsfield | DD-837 | 15 January 1945 | 27 May 1945 | 31 July 1945 | B | 1 October 1977 | Transferred to Republic of China, 1 October 1977 and become museum at An-Pin harbor TAI-NAN, TAIWAN. | ||
Ernest G. Small | DD-838 DDR-838 | 30 January 1945 | 14 June 1945 | 21 August 1945 | * | 13 November 1970 | Transferred to Republic of China, 13 April 1971 | ||
Power | DD-839 | 26 February 1945 | 30 June 1945 | 13 September 1945 | B | 1 October 1977 | Sold to Republic of China, 1 October 1977 | ||
Glennon | DD-840 | 12 March 1945 | 14 July 1945 | 4 October 1945 | B | 1 October 1976 | Sunk as a target, 26 February 1981 | ||
Noa | DD-841 | 26 March 1945 | 30 July 1945 | 2 November 1945 | A | 31 October 1973 | Loaned to Spain, 31 October 1973; Sold, 17 May 1978 | ||
Fiske | DD-842 | 9 April 1945 | 8 September 1945 | 28 November 1945 | B | 5 June 1980 | Transferred to Turkey, 5 June 1980 | ||
Warrington | DD-843 | 23 April 1945 | 27 September 1945 | 20 December 1945 | B | 30 September 1972 | Transferred to Taiwan, 24 April 1973, for spare parts | ||
Perry | DD-844 | 14 May 1945 | 25 October 1945 | 17 January 1946 | A | 1 July 1973 | Sold for scrap, 24 June 1974 | ||
Bausell | DD-845 | 28 May 1945 | 19 November 1945 | 7 February 1946 | A | 30 May 1978 | Sunk as a target, 17 July 1987 | ||
Ozbourn | DD-846 | 16 June 1945 | 22 December 1945 | 5 March 1946 | B | 30 May 1975 | Sold for scrap, 1 December 1975 | ||
Robert L. Wilson | DD-847 | 2 July 1945 | 5 January 1946 | 28 March 1946 | B | 30 September 1974 | Sunk as a target, 1 March 1980 | ||
Witek | DD-848 | 16 July 1945 | 2 February 1946 | 23 April 1946 | 19 August 1968 | Sunk as a target, 4 July 1969 | |||
Richard E. Kraus | DD-849 | 31 July 1945 | 2 March 1946 | 23 May 1946 | B | 1 July 1976 | Transferred to South Korea, 23 February 1977 | ||
Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. | DD-850 | Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts | 2 April 1945 | 26 July 1945 | 15 December 1945 | B | 2 July 1973 | Museum ship at Battleship Cove | |
Rupertus | DD-851 | 2 May 1945 | 21 September 1945 | 8 March 1946 | B | 10 July 1973 | Loaned to Greece, 10 July 1973 | ||
Leonard F. Mason | DD-852 | 2 May 1945 | 4 January 1946 | 28 June 1946 | B | 2 November 1976 | Sold to Republic of China, 10 March 1978 | ||
Charles H. Roan | DD-853 | 2 April 1945 | 15 March 1946 | 12 September 1946 | B | 21 September 1973 | Transferred to Turkey, 21 September 1973 | ||
Fred T. Berry | DD-858 DDE-858 | Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, San Pedro, California | 16 July 1944 | 28 January 1945 | 12 May 1945 | * | 15 September 1970 | Scuttled as an artificial reef, 14 May 1972 | |
Norris | DD-859 DDE-859 | 29 August 1944 | 25 February 1945 | 9 June 1945 | * | 4 December 1970 | Transferred to Turkey, 1 July 1974 | ||
McCaffery | DD-860 DDE-860 | 1 October 1944 | 12 April 1945 | 26 July 1945 | * | 30 September 1973 | Sold for scrap, 11 June 1974 | ||
Harwood | DD-861 DDE-861 | 29 October 1944 | 22 May 1945 | 28 September 1945 | * | 1 February 1971 | Sold to Turkey, 17 December 1973 | ||
Vogelgesang | DD-862 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Staten Island, New York | 3 August 1944 | 15 January 1945 | 28 April 1945 | B | 24 February 1982 | Sold to Mexico, 24 February 1982 | |
Steinaker | DD-863 | 1 September 1944 | 13 February 1945 | 26 May 1945 | B | 24 February 1982 | Sold to Mexico, 24 February 1982 | ||
Harold J. Ellison | DD-864 | 3 October 1944 | 14 March 1945 | 23 June 1945 | B | 1 October 1983 | Transferred to Pakistan, 1 October 1983 | ||
Charles R. Ware | DD-865 | 1 November 1944 | 12 April 1945 | 21 July 1945 | B | 30 November 1974 | Sunk as target 15 November 1981 | ||
Cone | DD-866 | 30 November 1944 | 10 May 1945 | 18 August 1945 | B | 1 October 1982 | Transferred to Pakistan, 1 October 1982 | ||
Stribling | DD-867 | 15 January 1945 | 8 June 1945 | 29 September 1945 | A | 1 July 1976 | Sunk as target, 27 July 1980 | ||
Brownson | DD-868 | 13 February 1945 | 7 July 1945 | 17 November 1945 | A | 30 September 1976 | Sold for scrap, 10 June 1977 | ||
Arnold J. Isbell | DD-869 | 14 March 1945 | 6 August 1945 | 5 January 1946 | B | 4 December 1973 | Sold to Greece, 4 December 1973 | ||
Fechteler | DD-870 | 12 April 1945 | 19 September 1945 | 2 March 1946 | B | 11 September 1970 | Sold for scrap, 28 June 1972 | ||
Damato | DD-871 | 10 May 1945 | 21 November 1945 | 27 April 1946 | B | 30 September 1980 | Transferred to Pakistan, 1 October 1980 | ||
Forrest Royal | DD-872 | 8 June 1945 | 17 January 1946 | 29 June 1946 | B | 27 March 1971 | Sold to Turkey, 27 March 1971 | ||
Hawkins | DD-873 | Consolidated Steel Corporation, Orange, Texas | 14 May 1944 | 7 October 1944 | 10 February 1945 | B | 1 October 1979 | Sold to Taiwan, 17 March 1983 | |
Duncan | DD-874 DDR-874 | 22 May 1944 | 27 October 1944 | 25 February 1945 | * | 15 January 1971 | Sunk as target, 31 July 1980 | ||
Henry W. Tucker | DD-875 | 29 May 1944 | 8 November 1944 | 12 March 1945 | B | 3 December 1973 | Transferred to Brazil, 3 December 1973 | ||
Rogers | DD-876 | 3 June 1944 | 20 November 1944 | 26 March 1945 | B | 1 October 1980 | Transferred to South Korea, 25 July 1981 | ||
Perkins | DD-877 DDR-877 | 19 June 1944 | 7 December 1944 | 4 April 1945 | * | 15 January 1973 | Transferred to Argentina, 15 January 1973 | ||
Vesole | DD-878 | 3 July 1944 | 29 December 1944 | 23 April 1945 | B | 1 December 1976 | Sunk as target, 14 April 1983 | ||
Leary | DD-879 | 11 August 1944 | 20 January 1945 | 7 May 1945 | B | 31 October 1973 | Transferred to Spain, 17 May 1978 | ||
Dyess | DD-880 | 17 August 1944 | 26 January 1945 | 21 May 1945 | B | 27 January 1981 | Sold to Greece for spare parts, 8 July 1981 | ||
Bordelon | DD-881 | 9 September 1944 | 3 March 1945 | 5 June 1945 | B | 1 February 1977 | Transferred to Iran, 1 July 1977 | ||
Furse | DD-882 | 23 September 1944 | 9 March 1945 | 10 July 1945 | B | 31 August 1972 | Loaned to Spain, 1972; Sold, 17 May 1978 | ||
Newman K. Perry | DD-883 | 10 October 1944 | 17 March 1945 | 26 July 1945 | B | 27 February 1981 | Transferred to South Korea, 27 February 1981 | ||
Floyd B. Parks | DD-884 | 30 October 1944 | 31 March 1945 | 31 July 1945 | B | 2 July 1973 | Sold for scrap, 1 April 1974 | ||
John R. Craig | DD-885 | 17 November 1944 | 14 April 1945 | 20 August 1945 | B | 27 July 1979 | Sunk as target, 17 June 1980 | ||
Orleck | DD-886 | 28 November 1944 | 12 May 1945 | 15 September 1945 | B | 1 October 1982 | Transferred to Turkey, 1 October 1982 | ||
Brinkley Bass | DD-887 | 20 December 1944 | 26 May 1945 | 1 October 1945 | B | 3 December 1973 | Transferred to Brazil, 3 December 1973 | ||
Stickell | DD-888 | 5 January 1945 | 16 June 1945 | 31 October 1945 | B | 1 July 1972 | Transferred to Greece, 1 July 1972 | ||
O'Hare | DD-889 | 27 January 1945 | 22 June 1945 | 29 November 1945 | B | 31 October 1973 | Loaned to Spain, 31 October 1973; Sold, 17 May 1978 | ||
Meredith | DD-890 | 27 January 1945 | 28 June 1945 | 31 December 1945 | B | 29 June 1979 | Transferred to Turkey, 29 June 1979 |
FRAM I "A" Ships: Removal of aft Twin 5 inch/38 caliber Gun mount (Mount 53). GROUP A ships also received two MK10/11 Hedgehogs fitted on each side of the bridge at the O-1 level and had the MK-32 triple torpedo launchers aft of the second stack. FRAM I "B" Ships: Kept their forward 5 inch mount (Mount 51), lost the second mount (Mount 52) and kept their aft 5 inch mount (Mount 53). In place of mount 52, a practice 5 inch reloading machine was installed with the MK-32 triple torpedo launchers aft of the loader. Group B ships also received greater ASROC and torpedo storage areas next to the port side of the DASH hangar.[16][17]
References
^ ."The Sumner Class As Built Archived 22 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 25 August 2009."
^ Friedman, Norman US Destroyers: An Illustrated Design History (Revised Edition), pp. 129-131, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis:2004, .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
ISBN 1-55750-442-3.
^ Silverstone, Paul H. "U.S. Warships of World War II", Ian Allan Ltd., London:1965.
^ Gardiner, Robert and Chesneau, Roger, Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946, pp. 133-134, Conway Maritime Press, London:1980,
ISBN 0-83170-303-2.
^ Friedman, p. 510-513.
^ Gardiner and Chumbley, pp. 562-563
^ "FRAM". Gyrodynehelicopters.com. 1962-09-01. Retrieved 2012-08-17.
^ Gardiner, Robert and Chumbley, Stephen, Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995, pp. 562-563, 594, Conway Maritime Press, London:1995,
ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
^ Bauer, K. Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 201–206. ISBN 0-313-26202-0.
^ "QH-50C". Gyrodynehelicopters.com. Retrieved 2012-08-17.
^ "Gyrodyne Today". Gyrodynehelicopters.com. 2006-05-09. Retrieved 2012-08-17.
^ Pike, John. "DD-710 Gearing-class". www.globalsecurity.org.
^ "Special Feature - FRAM". www.navsource.org.
^ Friedman
^ John Pike. "Chao Yang-class [Gearing] Destroyer - Republic of China [Taiwan] Navy". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2012-08-17.
^ Pike, John. "DD-710 Gearing-class". www.globalsecurity.org.
^ "Special Feature - FRAM". www.navsource.org.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gearing class destroyers. |
- NavSource.org Destroyer Photo Gallery index page
Gearing-class destroyers at Destroyer History Foundation
- Gearing Class
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