冷水花属

Multi tool use
冷水花属
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科学分类 
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界: |
植物界 Plantae
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演化支: |
被子植物 Angiosperms
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演化支: |
真双子叶植物 Eudicots
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演化支: |
蔷薇类植物 Rosids
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目: |
蔷薇目 Rosales
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科: |
蕁麻科 Urticaceae
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族: |
樓梯草族 Elatostemateae
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属: |
冷水花屬 Pilea 约翰·林德利
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冷水花属(学名:Pilea)是荨麻科中最大的一个属。其中有些种被用作观赏植物。
特征
冷水花属植物大多数为多年生草本植物或者亚灌木植物,少数灌木植物。它们没有刺。许多种的茎多肉,容易折断,但是折断的部分很容易生根自成一株。
冷水花属的叶很简单,总是在茎两侧成对而生。这样的一对叶子可能是同样的,也可能是不同的。有些植物也有在茎上成两对叶的。有些植物不是所有的叶子都有托叶。
许多种的叶子从根部有三根脉长到叶尖。许多种的叶子因为叶子背部伸出来的叶脉皱褶。
花序上有许多花,其排列各不相同。有些种的花瓣退化,因此花看上去就好像是一朵花一样。有些种的花是两性同花的,有些是单性的。有些种是单房的,有些是双房的。花被不显眼,一般有四至五片。种子的直径一般只有0.3毫米,非常小,但是非常多。
冷水花属植物的花粉是通过突然松开的雄蕊从花粉囊中弹出来的。有些种也把种子弹出去。
分类和分布
根据不同学者的意见冷水花属有250至400个种,它们分布在全世界热带和亚热带地区。一些种也生长在温带。
大多数种生长在潮湿的森林的阴影低处。
其它
一些冷水花属植物被培养成观赏植物。在一些植物园中它们也作为热带馆的下层植物。
外部链接
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维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:冷水花属
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- Flora of North America - Pilea
- Flora of China - Pilea
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