Chakri dynasty









































House of Chakri

Emblem of the House of Chakri
Chakri emblem

Country Thailand
Founded 1782; 237 years ago (1782)
Founder Rama I
Current head Rama X
Titles
King of Siam (1782–1940)
King of Thailand (1948–present)
Religion Buddhism
Estate(s) Kingdom of Thailand
Cadet branches 131 cadet houses (91 royal and 40 viceregal)

The Chakri dynasty (Thai: ราชวงศ์จักรี; RTGS: Ratchawong Chakkri, Thai pronunciation: [râ:t.tɕʰá.woŋ.tɕàk.kri:], Pronunciation) is the current ruling royal house of the Kingdom of Thailand, while the Head of the house is the monarch. The dynasty has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Rattanakosin Era and the city of Bangkok in 1782 following the end of King Taksin of Thonburi's reign, when the capital of Siam shifted to Bangkok. The royal house was founded by King Rama I, an Ayutthaya military leader of Sino-Mon descent.


Prior to the founding of the dynasty, King Rama I held for years the title Chakri, the title of the civil chancellor. In founding the dynasty, King Rama I himself chose "Chakri" as the name for the dynasty. The emblem of the dynasty is composed of the discus (Chakra) and the trident (Trisula), the celestial weapons of god Vishnu and Shiva, whom the Thai sovereign is seen as an incarnation.


The current head of the house is King Maha Vajiralongkorn who was proclaimed king on 1 December 2016, but has actually reigned with retroactive effect since 13 October 2016 after the death of King Bhumibol Adulyadej. The house's current dynastic seat is the Grand Palace in Bangkok.




Contents






  • 1 Royal family of Thailand


    • 1.1 Members


    • 1.2 Other members


    • 1.3 Recently deceased members




  • 2 Line of succession to the Thai throne


    • 2.1 Notes




  • 3 History


    • 3.1 Monarchs


      • 3.1.1 Timeline




    • 3.2 Front Palaces


    • 3.3 Rear Palace


    • 3.4 Crown Princes




  • 4 Royal consorts


  • 5 Family tree


  • 6 Cadet houses


    • 6.1 Royal houses


    • 6.2 Viceregal houses




  • 7 See also


  • 8 References


  • 9 External links





Royal family of Thailand




Photograph of Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Songkla and Mom Sangwan (later the Princess Mother).




The Chakri Mahaprasat, inside the Grand Palace in Bangkok, the dynastic seat and official residence of the dynasty.


The present royal family of Thailand is descended from Prince Mahidol Adulyadej of Songkla (1891–1929) and Srinagarindra (later Princess Mother) (1900–95) forming the House of Mahidol (ราชสกุลมหิดล) (a cadet branch of the dynasty). The Prince was a son of King Chulalongkorn and his wife Queen Savang Vadhana. The Prince was also the half-brother of both King Vajiravudh and King Prajadhipok. After the death of King Ananda Mahidol (Prince Mahidol's elder son), King Bhumibol Adulyadej (the Prince's younger son) ascended the throne in 1946. In 1949 the King married his first cousin once removed, Mom Rajawongse Sirikit Kitiyakara (a daughter of Mom Chao Nakkhatra Mangkala Kitiyakara, a grandson of King Chulalongkorn). Bhumibol was succeeded by his son Maha Vajiralongkorn officially on 13 October 2016, but was proclaimed King on 1 December 2016.



Members


This is a list of current members of the royal family:


  • HM King Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun

    • HRH Princess Bajrakitiyabha (the King's eldest daughter)

    • HRH Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana (the King's younger daughter)

    • HRH Prince Dipangkorn Rasmijoti (the King's youngest son)



  • HM Queen Dowager Sirikit (the King's mother, the late King Rama IX's consort)

    • HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn (Second eldest daughter of King Rama IX)

    • HRH Princess Chulabhorn Walailak (Youngest daughter of King Rama IX)

      • HRH Princess Siribhachudhabhorn (Princess Chulabhorn's eldest daughter)

      • HRH Princess Adityadhornkitikhun (Princess Chulabhorn's younger daughter)




    • Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya (Eldest daughter of King Rama IX)




Other members



  • HRH Princess Soamsawali (the King's former consort and mother of Princess Bajrakitiyabha)

  • Khun Ploypailin Jensen (Princess Ubolratana's elder daughter)

  • Khun Sirikitiya Jensen (Princess Ubolratana's younger daughter)

  • Than Phu Ying Dhasanawalaya Sornsongkram (the King's cousin, daughter of the late Princess Galyani Vadhana)



Recently deceased members



  • HM King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) (2016)

  • HRH Princess Bejaratana Rajasuda, King Rama IX's cousin (the only daughter of King Vajiravudh) (2011)

  • HRH Princess Galyani Vadhana, the Princess of Naradhiwas (King Rama IX's elder sister) (2008)

  • Khun Poom Jensen (Princess Ubolratana's son) (2004)

  • HRH Princess Srinagarindra, the Princess Mother (King Rama IX's mother, also mother of King Rama VIII) (1995)



Line of succession to the Thai throne





Photograph of King Bhumibol, Queen Sirikit and their four children, taken in 1966.


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  • Simple silver crown.svgKing Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) (1737–1809)

    • Simple silver crown.svgKing Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II) (1767–1824)


      • Simple silver crown.svgKing Nangklao (Rama III) (1788–1851)


      • Simple silver crown.svgKing Mongkut (Rama IV) (1804–1868)

        • Simple silver crown.svgKing Chulalongkorn (Rama V) (1853–1910)


          • Simple silver crown.svgKing Vajiravudh (Rama VI) (1881–1925)


          • Simple silver crown.svgKing Prajadhipok (Rama VII) (1893–1941)


          • Prince Mahidol Adulyadej (1892–1929)


            • Simple silver crown.svgKing Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) (1925–1946)


            • Simple silver crown.svgKing Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) (1927–2016)


              • Simple gold crown.svgKing Maha Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) (b. 1952)


                • (1) Prince Dipangkorn Rasmijoti (b. 2005)


                • (2) Princess Bajrakitiyabha (b. 1978)


                • (3) Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana (b. 1987)




              • (4) Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn (b. 1955)


              • (5) Princess Chulabhorn Walailak (b. 1957)


                • (6) Princess Siribhachudhabhorn (b. 1982)


                • (7) Princess Adityadhornkitikhun (b. 1984)














Notes




  • Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya (b. 1951), eldest daughter of King Rama IX, renounced her right of succession for herself and her heirs upon her marriage in 1972.

  • Juthavachara Vivacharawongse (b. 1979), Vacharaesorn Vivacharawongse (b. 1981), Chakriwat Vivacharawongse (b. 1983), and Vatchrawee Vivacharawongse (b. 1985), the sons of King Rama X and Sujarinee Vivacharawongse, are not in the line of succession to the throne.



History



Monarchs








































































































Portrait Name Birth Start of reign End of reign Death Consorts Issue

Rama I
Phrabat Somdet Phra
Paramoruracha Maha
Chakri Borommanat Phra
Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke
(Rama I)
20 March 1737
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya,
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya
6 April 1782
(crowned at the Dusit Maha Prasat Hall, Grand Palace on 10 June 1782)
7 September 1809
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 72
Queen Amarindra
and 31 other consorts
42 progeny
(17 sons and 25 daughters)

Rama II
Phrabat Somdet Phra
Boromratchapongchet
Mahetsawarasunthon Phra Buddha Loetla Nabhalai
(Rama II)
24 February 1767
Amphawa, Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya
7 September 1809
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall)
21 July 1824
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 57
Queen Srisuriyendra
Princess Consort Sri Sulalai
and 51 other consorts
73 progeny
(38 sons and 35 daughters)

Rama III
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramathiworaset Maha
Jessadabodindra
Phra Nangklao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama III)
31 March 1788
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam
21 July 1824
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall)
2 April 1851
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 63
42 consorts
51 progeny
(22 sons and 29 daughters)

Rama IV
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha
Mongkut
Phra Chom Klao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama IV)
18 October 1804
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam
2 April 1851
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 15 May 1851)
1 October 1868
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 63
Queen Somanas Vadhanavadi
Queen Debsirindra
Princess Pannarai
and 58 other consorts

82 progeny
(39 sons and 43 daughters)

Rama V
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha
Chulalongkorn
Phra Chulachomklao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama V)
20 September 1853
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
1 October 1868
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 11 November 1868 (1st time) and 16 November 1873 (2nd time))
23 October 1910
Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, Dusit Palace,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 57
Queen Sunandha Kumariratana
Queen Sukumalmarsri
Queen Savang Vadhana
Queen Saovabha Phongsri
and 88 other consorts

77 progeny
(32 sons and 44 daughters)

Rama VI
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha
Vajiravudh
Phra Mongkut Klao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama VI)
1 January 1881
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
23 October 1910
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 11 November 1910)
26 November 1925
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 44
Princess Consort Indrasakdi Sachi
Consort Sucharit Suda
Princess Consort Laksamilawan
Princess Consort Suvadhana
Princess Bejaratana Rajasuda

Rama VII
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha
Prajadhipok
Phra Pok Klao
Chao Yu Hua
(Rama VII)
8 November 1893
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
26 November 1925
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 25 February 1926)
2 March 1935
30 May 1941
Wentworth, Virginia Water, Surrey, United Kingdom
aged 47
Queen Rambai Barni

(None)

Rama VIII
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramenthra Maha
Ananda Mahidol
(Rama VIII)
20 September 1925
Heidelberg, Baden, Germany
2 March 1935
(never crowned),
Reign under Regency from 1935 to 1946

9 June 1946
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Thailand
aged 20

(None)

(None)

Rama IX
Phrabat Somdet Phra Paraminthra Maha
Bhumibol Adulyadej
(Rama IX)
5 December 1927
Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
9 June 1946
(crowned at the Phaisan Thaksin Hall on 5 May 1950)
13 October 2016
Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, Thailand
aged 88
Queen Sirikit
Princess Ubol Ratana
Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn
Princess Sirindhorn
Princess Chulabhorn

Rama X
Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua
Maha Vajiralongkorn
Bodindradebayavarangkun
(Rama X)
28 July 1952
Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, Dusit Palace, Bangkok
13 October 2016

Incumbent

(None)
Princess Bajrakitiyabha
Juthavachara Vivacharawongse
Vacharaesorn Vivacharawongse
Chakriwat Vivacharawongse
Vatchrawee Vivacharawongse
Princess Sirivannavari Nariratana
Prince Dipangkorn Rasmijoti


Timeline






Front Palaces



The Maha Uparat (มหาอุปราช) or the Krom Phrarajawang Bavorn Sathan Mongkol (Vice or Second King of Siam) (กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานมงคล) was an office that was bestowed on the highest ranking prince, frequently the monarch's younger brother or son. Until 1885 every Chakri monarch had appointed a prince to this office. The Uprarat and his miniature court would reside at the Front Palace (วังหน้า) (a palace complex to the north of the Grand Palace, now the site of the Bangkok National Museum). By tradition the Uparat was designated the heir to the throne, however only Prince Isarasundhorn was able to ascend the throne as King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai. The office was extremely prestigious and carried with it almost equal status to the king, this can be seen in Prince Chutamani (younger brother of King Mongkut), who was elevated to Vice King Pinklao in 1851 (he carried with him the styles and titles of a King). The office was abolished by King Chulalongkorn when his Uparat and cousin Prince Bovorn Vichaicharn died. He then declared his oldest son the Crown Prince of Siam, but not Uparat.[1]


































































Portrait Name Birth Start of reign
(Date of appointment)
End of reign Issue Monarch
(Relationship to the king)

Maha Sura Singhanat
Somdet Phra Bawonratchao
Maha Sura Singhanat
1 November 1744
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya,
Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya
1782
3 November 1803
Bangkok, Siam
aged 59
43 sons and daughters with various consorts
King Rama I
(Younger brother)

Rama II
Somdet Phra Chao Lookya Ther
Chaofa Krommaluang Isarasundhorn
24 February 1767
Amphawa, Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya
1806
7 September 1809
(Ascended the throne as King Rama II)
73 sons and daughters with various consorts
King Rama I
(Oldest son)

House of Chakri
Somdet Phra-Bawonratchao
Maha Senanurak
29 March 1773
Kingdom of Ayutthaya
7 September 1809
16 July 1817
Bangkok, Siam
aged 45
40 sons and daughters with various consorts
King Rama II
(Younger brother)

House of Chakri
Somdet Phra-Bawonratchao
Sakdiphonlasep
21 October 1785
Kingdom of Ayutthaya
21 July 1824
1 May 1832
Bangkok, Siam
aged 46
20 sons and daughters with various consorts
King Rama III
(Uncle, son of Rama I)

Pinklao
Phrabat Somdet Phra
Pinklao Chaoyuhua
4 September 1808
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Thonburi, Siam
25 May 1851
(Received a royal coronation at the Front Palace)
7 January 1866
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam
aged 57
58 sons and daughters with various consorts
King Rama IV
(Younger brother)

Wichaichan
Krom Phra Ratchawang
Bowon Wichaichan
6 April 1838
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam
2 October 1868
(Appointed by the Ascension Council on behalf of King Rama V)
28 August 1885
Front Palace,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 47
(Title abolished after death)
28 sons and daughters with various consorts
King Rama V
(Cousin, son of Pinklao)


Rear Palace


Krom Phrarajawang Boworn Sathan Phimuk (กรมพระราชวังบวรสถานพิมุข) or the Rear Palace, was another office inherited from the Kingdom of Ayutthaya. However, since the founding of the dynasty there has only been one rear palace. Prince Anurak Devesh was the nephew of King Buddha Yodfa Chualoke (his mother Princess Thepsuthavadi was the king's elder sister) was appointed to the office in 1785.





















Portrait Name Birth Appointment Death Issue Monarch
(Relationship to the king)

Anurak Devesh
Chaofa Krom Phra
Anurak Devesh
Krom Phra Rajawang Boworn Sathan Phimuk
28 March 1746
1785
20 December 1806
Bangkok, Siam
aged 60
(Title discontinued)
35 sons and daughters with various consorts
King Rama I
(Nephew, son of Princess Sister Thepsuthavadi)


Crown Princes



The Crown Prince of Thailand or Sayam Makutrajakuman (สยามมกุฎราชกุมาร) is the designated and heir apparent to the throne and headship of the dynasty. The title was created in 1886 when King Chulalongkorn appointed his eldest son by Princess Consort Savang Vadhana, Prince Vajirunhis as Sayam Makutrajakuman. The title was copied directly from the Western tradition. Since then, there has only been three crown princes. The most recent crown prince, Maha Vajiralongkorn, was invested with the title in 1972 and became King in 2016. The succession is governed by the 1924 Palace Law of Succession passed by King Vajiravudh.







































Portrait Name Birth Appointment Ceased to be Crown Prince Note Parents

Vajirunhis

Maha Vajirunhis
27 June 1878
Inner Court, Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
14 January 1886[2]
4 January 1895
Died of typhoid fever at age 16
King Rama V and Queen Consort Savang Vadhana

Vajiravudh

Maha Vajiravudh
1 January 1881
Inner Court, Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
4 January 1895[3]
23 October 1910
Ascended to the throne as King Rama VI at death of father
King Rama V and Queen Saovabha Phongsri

Vajiralongkorn

Maha Vajiralongkorn
28 July 1952
Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, Dusit Palace, Dusit,
Bangkok, Thailand
28 December 1972[4]
13 October 2016
Ascended to the throne as King Rama X at death of father
King Rama IX and Queen Sirikit


Royal consorts
























































































Portrait Name Birth Marriage Became consort Ceased to be consort Death Issue Consort to
(Notes)

House of Chakri
Somdet Phra Amarindra
Boromarajini
15 March 1737
Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya
Around 1760
6 April 1782
Husband's coronation
7 September 1809
Husband's death
25 May 1826
Bangkok, Siam
aged 89
10 sons and daughters, 5 surviving
King Rama I
(Mother of Rama II)

Sri Suriyendra
Somdet Phra Sri Suriyendra
Boromarajini
Around 1767
Amphawa,
Samut Songkhram, Ayutthaya
21 September 1801
7 September 1809
Husband's coronation
21 July 1824
Husband's death
18 October 1836
Thonburi Palace, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok, Siam
aged 69
5 sons and daughters, 2 surviving
King Rama II
(Mother of Rama IV)

Debsirindra
Somdet Phra Debsirindra
Boromarajini
17 July 1834
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
1 April 1851
9 September 1862
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
aged 28
3 sons and 1 daughter, 3 surviving
King Rama IV
(Mother of Rama V)

Saovabha Phongsri
Somdet Phra Nangchao Saovabha Phongsri
Phra Boromarajininat
(Queen Regent)
1 January 1864
Grand Palace, Phra Nakhon,
Bangkok, Siam
Around 1878
23 October 1910
Husband's death
20 October 1919
Phaya Thai Palace, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Siam
aged 56
7 sons and 2 daughters, 5 surviving
King Rama V
(Mother of Rama VI and Rama VII)

Indrasakdi Sachi
Somdet Phra Nangchao Indrasakdi Sachi
Phra Boromarajini
10 June 1902
Phasi Charoen, Bangkok, Siam
10 June 1921
1 January 1922
Appointed
15 November 1925
Demoted to the rank of Princess consort
30 November 1975
Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok, Thailand
aged 73

(None)
King Rama VI

Rambai Barni
Somdet Phra Nangchao Rambai Barni
Phra Boromarajini
20 December 1904
Bangkok, Siam
25 August 1918
25 November 1925
Husband's coronation
2 March 1935
Husband's abdication
22 May 1984
Sukhothai Palace, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
aged 79

(None)
King Rama VII

Sirikit
Somdet Phra Nangchao Sirikit
Phra Boromarajininat
(Queen Regent)
12 August 1932
Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Siam
28 April 1950
13 October 2016
Husband's death

Living: aged 86
Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya
Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn
Princess Sirindhorn
Princess Chulabhorn Walailak
King Rama IX
(Mother of Rama X)


Family tree








Cadet houses




Royal houses



















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Viceregal houses









































































































































































































































































































See also





  • Monarchy of Thailand

  • List of monarchs of Thailand

  • List of Thai royal consorts

  • Rattanakosin era

  • 1924 Palace Law on Succession

  • Rama (King of Thailand)

  • Order of the Royal House of Chakri

  • Privy Council of Thailand

  • Regent of Thailand




References





  1. ^ Terwiel, B.J. (2011). Thailand's Political History: From the 13th Century to Recent Times. Thailand: River Books. p. 39. ISBN 9749863968..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Royal Gazette, Announcement of the appointment of Prince Vajirunhis to the Crown Prince of Siam (Thai), Volume 3, Chapter 44, 1 March 1886, page 368


  3. ^ Royal Gazette, The Investiture of Crown Prince Maha Vajiravudh (Thai), Volume 11, Chapter 63, 20 January 1895, page 346


  4. ^ Royal Gazette, Royal Decree announcing the Investiture of Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn (Thai), Volume 89, Chapter 200 (ก), Special Edition, 28 December 1972, Page 1


  5. ^ abcdefghijklmno ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, พระบรมราชโองการ ประกาศ พระราชทานนามสกุลสำหรับเชื้อพระวงศ์พระบรมราชวงศ์ชั้น 5, เล่ม 46, ตอน 0ก, 9 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2472, หน้า 21.




External links







  • Chakri Dynasty and the City of Angels

  • The Chakri Dynasty 1782

  • The Siamese Royalty

  • The Royal Houses of the Chakri Dynasty

  • History of the Front Palaces










— Royal house —


Chakri Dynasty

Founding year: 1782

Preceded by
Thonburi Kingdom

Ruling Dynasty of the
Kingdom of Thailand
(Kingdom of Siam)

6 April 1782−present day

Incumbent








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