漁場




漁場（英语：Fishing ground）[1]是鱼类、贝类等水生动物丰富的水域。



世界大型漁場




全球海洋的叶绿素含量。可见在热带大洋，光合作用的初级生产量非常差。反倒是亚寒带、寒带海域成为了著名渔场


世界大型渔场通常分布在大陆架宽阔且有寒流和暖流汇合的地方，日本渔场、纽芬兰渔场和北海渔场是世界三大渔场。秘鲁渔场也是世界大型渔场，不过这里只有秘鲁寒流经过。中国最大的渔场是舟山渔场，处于黑潮和东海沿岸流（寒流）的交界處。
海洋渔场的分布与海洋中浮游植物的光合作用生产的有机碳的量（称为“初级生产量”）直接相关。根据海洋生态学的研究，海洋浮游植物的光合作用受日光强度、海水中营养物质包括氮、磷、硅酸以及铁的浓度的制约。因此热带亚热带大洋往往由于营养素的贫乏，所以初级生产量有限，不能成为渔场。而在寒流流经的海域，由于寒流从南北极区海域带来丰富的营养物质，所以所流经之处的光合作用的初级生产量显著高于大洋。此外，近岸特别是河流入海口也有丰富的营养物质，因此海域初级生产量很高，成为渔场。这也能解释全世界最著名的渔场如北大西洋特别是北海渔场、纽芬兰渔场，西北太平洋包括白令海渔场、鄂霍茨克海渔场，以及南大洋的磷虾为何占了海洋渔业资源的主要部分。



參考來源





  1. ^ fishing ground - 漁場 - 國家教育研究院




相關





查询維基詞典中的fishing ground。


  • 海況（英语：Sea state）

  • 新生魚（recruits），指漁場補充魚群。








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