秦开




秦開（？－？）是戰國時燕国昭王時代的將軍。荆轲副將秦舞陽的祖父。




目录






  • 1 生平


  • 2 注釋


  • 3 參看


  • 4 外部链接





生平


秦開是燕國將軍。前3世纪初時被送往东胡成為人質[1]。由於得到東胡的信任，秦開通曉東胡的民情風俗及其虛實[1]。燕昭王即位後，秦開逃歸燕國。
前300年大破东胡，迫使東胡北退千餘里[1]。之後曾渡過遼水進攻箕子朝鮮，直達滿潘汗（今朝鲜清川江）為界[2][3]，據有今遼寧全境，並開辟辽东，置上谷、漁陽、右北平、遼西、遼東五郡，築燕長城。《史記·匈奴傳》有其事蹟[1]。再往後紀錄不詳。


中國文物局於2000年在辽宁省葫蘆島市建昌縣西碱厂乡東大杖子村[4]的大凌河戰國墓地群發掘出積石木槨墳、青銅短劍及燕式陶器[5]，當中包括秦開的遺物。


秦舞阳是秦開之孙，曾隨著荊軻行刺秦始皇[1]。



注釋





  1. ^ 1.01.11.21.31.4 《史記》〈匈奴列傳〉：「其後燕有賢將秦開，為質於胡，胡甚信之。歸而襲，破走東胡，東胡卻千餘里。與荊軻刺秦王秦舞陽者，開之孫也。」


  2. ^ 《三國志·魏志·東夷傳》注引《魏略》：“昔箕子之後朝鮮侯……自稱為王……後子孫稍驕虐，燕乃遣將秦開，攻其西方，取地兩千餘里，至滿番汗為界，朝鮮遂弱。”


  3. ^ 邱華東. 箕子朝鲜侯国考: 与张博泉先生商榷. [2018-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2010-12-09） （中文（简体）‎）. 


  4. ^ 世上僅存2金柄青銅短劍 都在遼寧. 旺報. 2018-05-06 [2018-12-22] （中文（繁體）‎）. 


  5. ^ 辽宁建昌东大杖子战国墓地. 2015-07-29 [2018-12-26] （中文（简体）‎）. 




參看



  • 秦舞陽

  • 荆轲



外部链接



  • 秦开何时破东胡. 2006-12-31 [2018-12-26] （中文（简体）‎）. 



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