紅糖

Multi tool use
紅糖(英语:Non-Centrifugal Sugar, NCS,有地區稱板糖或者紅板糖[1][2]
是一種常見的食用糖,泛指没有经过完全精煉及未經離心分蜜的帶蜜蔗糖[3],與砂糖、冰糖相對。紅糖能保持蔗糖的天然焦香味道。紅糖的甜度较砂糖低,但因为甜味的纯度不高,可用来调制饮料或制作西点不会影响其他材料的原味,且具有使糕点质地蓬松的效用。
不同色澤的紅糖會冠以不同的名稱,工序上熬煮過程較長,較深色的又被稱為黑糖,多見於台灣、琉球與日本。黑糖或紅糖是甘蔗製糖製程上第一道產品,呈粉狀且有较多杂質,富涵營養。近年,甜菜製糖有超越蔗糖製糖的趨勢,現代溫帶地區的人較不易分辨傳統紅糖與砂糖的差異,而錯把甜菜糖製品對應上,尤其是常以赤砂糖混淆。
成分
紅糖含有超過90%的碳水化合物,主要成分是蔗糖(sucrose)[4],含量在76.55-89.48%之間;其次是還原糖(reducing sugar),占3.69-10.8%;水分占1.5-15.8%。紅糖還含有礦物質(最多3%),主要是鈣、鉀、鈉、氯化物和磷酸鹽,還包括一些必需的營養素或低分子元素、包括鐵、鋅、鎂、銅、鈷、鎳和鉻。[5][6]紅糖的具體化學成分取決於所用的甘蔗種類,其生長的土壤,施肥的施用方式和加工方法。
相關條目
注釋及參考文獻
^ GB9289—2010《製糖工業術語》:紅糖指的是分析甘蔗汁並用石灰法清凈處理後,直接煮成不經分蜜的棕紅色或者黃褐色的糖。分蜜:用離心機將糖膏或蜜洗糖糊中的母液晶體分離,獲得結晶糖的過程,也就是指把熬煮後糖膏里的糖蜜和糖的結晶分離開。
^ 《臺糖通訊》( 2011 年 12 月)。《說糖解惑一黑糖蔗糖傻傻分不清楚?認識糖的製造流程》。
^ 詳見《异物志》、《新糖书》、《千金要方》、《外台秘要》、《食疗本草》、《寿亲养老新书》、《摘元方》、《天工开物》、《格致余论》、《本草纲目》
^ Chancaca Panela is raw, unrefined, non-centrifugal cane sugar. ccbol
^ http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cta/v30n1/aop_3523.pdf
^ What is Panela?
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