病死率

Multi tool use
病死率(英语:case fatality,fatality rate)在流行病学中指一定时期内患某種疾病患者的中死亡的比率。例如每年病死率为9/10000意思是,在特定的一年中每10000名被诊断为患某病的患者中,平均有9人因得此病死亡。
西班牙流感的病死率大于2.5%[1],亚洲流感与香港流感的病死率约为0.1%[2],其他流感的病死率则小于0.1%。[1]
扎伊尔埃博拉病毒是最致命的病毒之一,它的病死率高达90%。[3]狂犬病毒也是极度致命的病毒之一,如果一个未接种疫苗的个体感染狂犬病又未进行预防性治疗的话,其病死率几乎可达100%。
参见
参考文献
^ 1.01.1 Taubenberger, Jeffery K.; David M. Morens†. 1918 influenza: the mother of all pandemics. Emerging Infectious Diseases (Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). January 2006, 12 (1) [2009-04-17]. ISSN 1080-6059.
^ Li, F C K; B C K Choi, T Sly, A W P Pak. Finding the real case-fatality rate of H5N1 avian influenza. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. June 2008, 62 (6): 555–559 [2009-04-29]. ISSN 0143-005X. PMID 18477756. doi:10.1136/jech.2007.064030.
^ King, John W. Ebola Virus. eMedicine. WebMd. April 2, 2008 [2008-10-06].
生物醫學研究:臨床研究設計 / 试验设计
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概觀 |
臨床試驗
- Academic clinical trials
- Clinical study design
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對照實驗 (EBM I to II-1; A to B) |
随机对照试验(雙盲、Open-label trial)
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觀察性研究 (EBM II-2 to II-3; B to C) |
Cross-sectional study vs. Longitudinal study, Ecological study
队列研究
- Retrospective
- Prospective
病例對照研究 (Nested case-control study)
- Case series
- Case study
- Case report
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流行病学/ 研究法
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occurrence: 發病率(累积发病率)
患病率
相关: 絕對關係(Absolute risk reduction、Attributable risk、Attributable risk percent)
相對關係(相對風險、Odds ratio、风险比)
其它: End point of clinical trials
- Virulence
- 病毒性
- 死亡率
- 病發率
- 病死率
- 靈敏度和特異度
- Likelihood-ratios
- Pre/post-test probability
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試驗/測試類型 |
- In vitro
- In vivo
- Animal testing
- Animal testing on non-human primates
- First-in-man study
- Multicenter trial
- Seeding trial
- Vaccine trial
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臨床試驗分析 |
- Risk–benefit ratio
- 系統綜述
- Replication
- 元分析
- 治療意向分析法
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對結果的解釋 |
- Selection bias
- 倖存者偏差
- 相關不蘊涵因果
- Null result
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