咳血

Multi tool use

维基百科中的醫療相关内容仅供参考,詳見
醫學聲明。如需专业意见请咨询专业人士。
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咳血 Hemoptysis |
分类和外部资源 |
ICD-10
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R04.2
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ICD-9-CM
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786.3
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DiseasesDB |
5578
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MedlinePlus |
003073
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Patient UK |
咳血
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MeSH |
D006469
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[编辑此条目的维基数据]
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咳血又称为咯血,是一種症狀,指肺或氣管中的出血,經由咳嗽而吐出。多半是因為所吐出的痰中帶有血絲而被發現。最常見的原因就是支氣管炎、肺炎、肺腫瘤、肺結核等疾病[1]。或是使用抗凝血藥物。若是發生在兒童,則較可能是因為異物進入呼吸道所引起。長年抽菸的人也常見到痰中帶血。在中國過去提到肺癆,也常會描述症狀為痰中帶血。此外嚴重受傷也會導致咳血。
咳血在临床上需要和呕血(上消化道出血)相鉴别。可藉由觀察血液顏色也能初步分別出血的可能來源,例如,咳出鮮紅、帶些氣泡的血液可能來自呼吸道;暗紅、咖啡色則可能是消化道出血。
参考文献
病理学:血液動力學 血流紊亂
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|
血液下降 |
血凝塊 |
血栓 · 血栓形成 · 腎靜脈血栓形成
|
|
缺血 |
腦缺血 · 冠狀動脈性心臟病 · 大腸:缺血性結腸炎 · 小腸:腸繫膜缺血
|
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梗死 |
型態:貧血症梗死 · 出血性梗死 · 區域:心肌梗死 · 腦梗死 · 脾梗死 · 肢體梗死
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血液升高 |
出血 |
型態:瘀斑/血腫:瘀點 · 紫斑 · 瘀血 區域:腦部(流鼻血、咳血、腦出血、前房積血、結膜下出血) · 軀幹(血胸、心包積血、肺血腫) · 腹部(消化道出血、膽道出血、腹腔出血、睾丸鞘膜積血、輸卵管積血) · 關節(關節積血(關節血腫)) |
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水肿 |
型態:全身水腫 · 血管性水腫/淋巴水腫 · 滲出物/滲出液 區性:腦水腫 · 肺水腫 · 胸膜積水(水胸) · 腹水 · 輸卵管積水(輸卵管水腫) |
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其它症狀 |
充血 |
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