角足龙类

Multi tool use
角足龙类 化石时期:侏儸紀早期到白堊紀晚期
PreЄ
Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
|

|
鴨嘴龍類與角龍類的顱骨
|
科学分类 
|
界: |
动物界 Animalia
|
门: |
脊索动物门 Chordata
|
纲: |
爬行纲 Reptilia
|
演化支: |
恐龙总目 Dinosauria
|
目: |
†鸟臀目 Ornithischia
|
演化支: |
†颌齿类 Genasauria
|
演化支: |
†新鸟臀类 Neornithischia
|
演化支: |
†角足龙类 Cerapoda Sereno, 1986
|
演化支
|
白峰龍屬 Albalophosaurus
鳥腳亞目 Ornithopoda
頭飾龍類 Marginocephalia
角龍亞目 Ceratopsia
厚頭龍亞目 Pachycephalosauria
|
角足亞目(学名:Cerapoda)是鳥臀目的一個演化支或亞目。牠們是頜齒類裡,裝甲亞目的姐妹分類單元。角足亞目的特徵是下頜牙齒有一層厚琺瑯質。牠們的牙齒咀嚼時磨損不平均,並發展出銳利的脊狀,可讓角足亞目比其他鳥臀目恐龍切碎更堅硬的植物。
牠們可分為二或三個演化支。第一個是鳥腳下目。其他兩個是腫頭龍下目與角龍下目。後兩者因頭顱骨後方都擁有骨質突起,有時合稱頭飾龍類[1][2]。
在1986年,保羅·塞里諾(Paul Sereno)建立角足亞目(Cerapoda),範圍包含:沃克氏副櫛龍與恐怖三角龍的最近共同祖先,與其最近共同祖先的所有後代[1]。
有數個物種難以歸類到鳥腳下目或頭飾龍類,例如白峰龍,目前被歸類於角足亞目的分類未定屬[3]。
角足亞目與新鳥臀類(Neornithischia)的範圍相當接近。
分類
以下演化樹主要根據理察·巴特勒(Richard J. Butler)在2005年的原始角足亞目恐龍研究:
角足亞目 Cerapoda
白峰龍 Albalophosaurus[3]
- 鳥腳下目 Ornithopoda
- 頭飾龍類 Marginocephalia
參考資料
^ 1.01.1 Richard J. Butler, Paul Upchurch and David B. Norman. The phylogeny of the ornithischian dinosaurs. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2008, 6 (1): 1–40. doi:10.1017/S1477201907002271.
^ Richard J. Butler, Jin Liyong, Chen Jun, Pascal Godefroit. The postcranial osteology and phylogenetic position of the small ornithischian dinosaur Changchunsaurus parvus from the Quantou Formation (Cretaceous: Aptian–Cenomanian) of Jilin Province, north-eastern China. Palaeontology. 2011, 54 (3): 667–683. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01046.x.
^ 3.03.1 Ohashi, T., and Barrett, P.M. A new ornithischian dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Kuwajima Formation of Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (Society of Vertebrate Paleontology). 2009, 29 (3): 748-7. doi:10.1671/039.029.0306.
Butler, R.J. The 'fabrosaurid' ornithischian dinosaurs of the Upper Elliot Formation (Lower Jurassic) of South Africa and Lesotho. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2005, 145 (2): 175-18.
Sereno, P.C. Phylogeny of the bird-hipped dinosaurs (order Ornithischia). National Geographic Research. 1986, 2 (2): 234–56.
外部連結
- Encyclopædia Britannica
- Palæos
恐龙-有关议题
|
|
特征 |
- 恐龙木乃伊
- 恐龙的体型
- 恐龙骨骼
- 恐龙牙齿
- 恐龙皮肤
- 恐龙粪便
- 恐龙蛋
- 恐龙的羽毛
|
|
|
中生代 |
|
|
分类 |
|
|
分布 |
- 亚洲
- 北美洲
- 南极洲
- 南美洲
- 印度与马达加斯加
- 大洋洲
- 欧洲
- 非洲
|
|
博物馆 |
- 中国
- 美国
- 加拿大皇家蒂勒尔博物馆
- 柏林自然博物馆
- 伦敦自然博物馆
- 维也纳自然史博物馆
|
|
主题公园/保护区 |
- 中华恐龙园
- 西峡恐龙遗址园
- 河南南阳恐龙蛋化石群国家级自然保护区
|
|
|
|
|
恐龙分类
恐龙主題頁
|
|
6PiowmHCS T9lBonnXDwk
Popular posts from this blog
.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty{ height:90px;width:728px;box-sizing:border-box;
}
1
I have 4 tables namely stud, country_master_academic,master_state and master_city. The main problem is that my form consists of many different fields like textbox, radio buttons, dropdown and an image file, so i am getting really confused. I can't insert data in database. Please help me. I tried many times but its not working. Thanks for the help in advance. Modal in home.php page <div class="container"> <div class="modal fade" id="add_data_modal" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> ...
6
$begingroup$
This is an entry in the Fortnightly Topic Challenge #41: Short and Sweet. 1 letter only could be mean anything . With an additional letter in front , could be used as medicine component and something you definitely learn or at least heard once. Add another letter in front , you would possibly hear that many times . Add an additional letter in front , you would found an independent country . With an additional letter, in the end , you would found something related to apple . Add another letter in the end , you would found something bad . Hint: Each letter is unique .
word knowledge letters chemistry
share | improve this question
...
0
I am trying to run a scheduled task with User Group (not a single user). This is working fine when I in the field "when running a task, use the following user account:" insert BUILTIN User Group (for example: Administrators or Users). But when I try it with the created Local User Group (example: TestGroup) it is not working. The Users in the TestGroup are the same as in the Administrators group. What could be the problem? Are there some restrictions to the Created User Group compared to BUILTINUsers?
scheduled-tasks taskscheduler windowstaskschedule
share | improve this question
asked Nov 15 '18 at 15:36
Far...