PaK 44反坦克炮

Multi tool use
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PaK 44反坦克炮 12.8 cm PaK 44 |
类型 |
反坦克炮
|
原产地 |
納粹德國
|
服役记录 |
服役期间 |
1944年—1945年 |
使用方 |
納粹德國
|
参与战争 |
第二次世界大戰
|
生产历史 |
研发者 |
克虏伯
|
研发日期 |
1943年 |
生产商 |
克虏伯
|
生产日期 |
1944年 |
制造数量 |
約51門 |
基本规格 |
重量 |
10,160公斤(22,400英磅) |
枪管长度 |
7.023米(276.5英寸) L/55 |
|
炮弹重量 |
28公斤(62英磅)(高爆彈) 28.3公斤(62英磅)(穿甲彈) |
口徑 |
128毫米(5.0英寸) |
后膛 |
semi-automatic horizontal sliding-block |
後座力 |
Hydropneumatic
|
载具 |
cruciform |
射击仰角 |
-7° 51'至+45° 27' |
回旋角度 |
360° |
枪口初速 |
935米/秒(3,070尺/秒) |
最大射程 |
24,410米(26,700碼) |
PaK 44(德語:Panzerabwehrkanone 44)是一种納粹德國於第二次世界大戰中使用的反坦克炮,口徑為12.8厘米。它的设计参考了1943年在东线战事中取得的经验。德国军队在东线遭遇了苏军的122mm火炮。同样的,德军也提出了对于装备类似武器的需求,最初的研发主要集中于被称为Kanone K 44的野战炮。但是,随着苏军IS-2重型坦克的出现,德军新型火炮研发的方向转变为用于反坦克作战。
選擇使用12.8厘米口徑是因為這樣就能與海軍的同口徑火炮取得更大通用性,竞标的设计合同被分别授予了莱茵金属公司和克虏伯公司。最初的样炮在1944年末投入了试验。最终的结果是克虏伯公司的设计胜出。然而服役之后的结果说明重达11吨的牵引式反坦克炮的设计非常不切实际,因此取消了牵引式承载的设计。
PaK 44使用了脫帽穿甲弹,使其能在1,000米距离内穿透近200毫米(7.9英寸)的裝甲,在2000米的距离上也能击穿148毫米(5.8英寸)的钢製装甲。虽然在近距离上,PaK 44和88mm反坦克炮的成绩差不多,但PaK 44在远距离上穿甲能力更强。
大约有50门PaK 44被用来安装在德国现有的装甲车辆底盘上,有前法国的GPF-T,被称为K 81/1,装在苏制的底盘上的型号则被称为K 81/2。这些设计都是很仓促的,而且由于重量过大,这些自行火炮的战术展开都显得很困难。1943年,PaK 44被选来装备猎虎式反坦克歼击车和鼠式超重型坦克的主炮。PaK 44一共大约制造了100门。
參見
相關連結
參考文獻
- Gander, Terry and Chamberlain, Peter. Weapons of the Third Reich: An Encyclopedic Survey of All Small Arms, Artillery and Special Weapons of the German Land Forces 1939-1945. New York: Doubleday, 1979 ISBN 0-385-15090-3
- Hogg, Ian V. German Artillery of World War Two. 2nd corrected edition. Mechanicsville, PA: Stackpole Books, 1997 ISBN 1-85367-480-X
外部链接
- http://homepage.eircom.net/~nightingale/depth_atgun.html
- LemaireSoft
- Armor penetration table
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