葉蟎

Multi tool use
Tetranychus lintearius
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Spider mites and web on gorse
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科學分類
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界:
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動物界 Animalia
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門:
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節肢動物門 Arthropoda
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亞門:
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螯肢亞門 Chelicerata
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綱:
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蛛形綱 Arachnida
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亞綱:
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蜱蟎亞綱 Acari
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超目:
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蟎形總目 Acariformes
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目:
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恙蟎目 Trombidiformes
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科:
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葉蟎科 Tetranychidae
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屬:
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葉蟎屬 Tetranychus
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種:
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T. lintearius
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二名法
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Tetranychus lintearius Dufour, 1832
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葉蟎为葉蟎科葉蟎屬下的一个种。本物種被用於控制雜草的生長,主要是荊豆。
本物種體長約0.5毫米,顏色鮮紅色。群居於用吐出來的絲環繞樹枝尖端,以提供有遮蔽的地方。受感染的植物很容易可以找到這些被絲包圍的枝葉,有時還會愈長愈大。一般來說,本物種在其三到四週的成蟲生涯中每天都會下一到四顆卵,一年内能繁殖10到20代,從十數隻到數十隻的群體。初成長的幼蟲由於體型極微細,可以隨風擴散;餘下的會繼續繁殖。
本物種原生於歐洲,在當地一般被視為害蟲;不過本物種只會在特定植物出現,不會襲擊其他植物,即使有破壞,也只是在進食時刺穿植物的組織。不過被本物種嚴重侵佔的植物,往往會減少開花的機會,也令其枝葉生長受到限制。
本物種現時在整個澳大利亞,包括塔斯曼尼亞也造成傷害。然而在1990年代,本物種被引進到美國西北部及夏威夷,以控制當地的野草。本物種其實也有其天敵,包括另一種蟎Phytoseiulus persimilis及瓢蟲科的Stethorus punctillium,皆可使其數量大幅減少。
参考文献
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Eric M. Coombs; Janet K. Clark; Gary L. Piper; Alfred F. Cofrancesco Jr. (编). Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the United States. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press. 2004: 181. ISBN 978-0-87071-029-2 (英语).
參看
野草:荊豆
Tetranychus tumidus Banks
外部链接
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维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:葉蟎
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Gorse Mite in Tasmania[永久失效連結]
- USACE Biocontrol Profile
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