高温合金




高温合金又叫热强合金、超级合金（superalloy）。按基体组织材料可分为三类：铁基、镍基和钴基。按生产方式可分为铸造高温合金、变形高温合金和粉末高温合金。按强化机理可分为碳化物强化、固溶强化、时效强化和弥散强化。


這種材料一般用于航空发动机耐高温材料的制造，特别是喷气发动机最后两级压气机和最初两级涡轮叶片、燃烧室、加力燃烧室、涡轮盘、涡轮叶片及紧固件的制造。目前市場需求主要都是軍用產品，由於其軍工價值所以也被視為战略物资，買賣這種材料被視為與武器貿易相同等級來加以管制，而配方與製造方法、加工使用都是重要機密，各航空大国都在极其保密的条件下研制。


中国高温合金自成系列：



  • 变形高温合金，用GH后面跟4位阿拉伯数字表示。第一位是1，表示铁基固溶强化高温合金。第一位是2，表示铁基时效强化高温合金。第一位是3，表示镍基固溶强化高温合金。第一位是4，表示镍基时效强化高温合金。变形高温合金如果用作焊丝，在GH前添加H表示。

  • 铸造高温合金，用K后面跟3位阿拉伯数字表示。第一位是2，表示铁基时效强化高温合金。第一位是4，表示镍基时效强化高温合金。


钴基高温合金中国尚未形成体系。



参见


  • 氧化物弥散强化合金



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