Floriano Peixoto




This name uses Portuguese naming customs. The first or maternal family name is Vieira and the second or paternal family name is Peixoto.

For other uses, see Floriano Peixoto (disambiguation).

















































































































His Excellency


Floriano Peixoto


Floriano Peixoto (1891).jpg
Marshal Floriano in 1891

2nd President of Brazil

In office
23 November 1891 – 15 November 1894
Vice President None
Preceded by Deodoro da Fonseca
Succeeded by Prudente de Morais
1st Vice President of Brazil

In office
26 February 1891 – 23 November 1891
President Deodoro da Fonseca
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Manuel Vitorino
Minister of War

In office
19 April 1890 – 22 January 1891
President Deodoro da Fonseca
Preceded by Eduardo Wandenkolk
Succeeded by Falcão da Frota
President of the Mato Grosso Province

In office
13 September 1884 – 5 October 1885
Monarch Pedro II
Preceded by Baron of Batovi
Succeeded by Ramos Ferreira

Personal details
Born
(1839-04-30)30 April 1839
Maceió, Alagoas, Empire of Brazil
Died 29 July 1895(1895-07-29) (aged 56)
Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Nationality Brazilian
Political party Independent
Spouse(s) Josina Peixoto
(m. 1872–1895; his death)
Signature
Military service
Nickname(s) The Iron Marshal
Allegiance
Empire of Brazil Empire of Brazil
Brazil Brazil
Service/branch
Coat of arms of the Brazilian Army.svg Brazilian Army
Years of service 1861–1889
Rank Field Marshal
Battles/wars Paraguayan War

Floriano Vieira Peixoto (Portuguese pronunciation: [floriˈɐ̃nu viˈejrɐ pejˈʃotu] 30 April 1839 – 29 July 1895), born in Ipioca (today a district of the city of Maceió in the State of Alagoas), nicknamed the "Iron Marshal",[1] was a Brazilian soldier and politician, a veteran of the Paraguayan War, and the second President of Brazil.[2] He is the first Vice President of Brazil to have succeeded a former President mid-term.




Contents






  • 1 Election and Succession as President


  • 2 Government


  • 3 Legacy


  • 4 References


  • 5 External links





Election and Succession as President


Floriano Peixoto was an army Marshal when elected vice-president in February 1891. Later, in November 1891, he rose to the presidency following the resignation of Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, the first president of Brazil. Floriano Peixoto came to the presidency in a difficult period of the new Brazilian Republic, which was in the midst of a general political and economic crisis made worse by the effects of the bursting of the Encilhamento economic bubble.



Government


His government was marked by several revolutions. Ruling in authoritarian fashion, Floriano Peixoto defeated a naval officers' rebellion against him in 1893–1894 and a seditious military movement in the States of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina during the same years. His government was marked by increased centralization of power and nationalism, with the florianista cult of personality being the first phenomena of favorable political expression towards a Republican politician in Brazil[3].



Legacy




Monument to Marshal Floriano Peixoto in Downtown Rio de Janeiro


He is often referred to as "the Consolidator of the Republic" or "The Iron Marshal". He left the presidency on 15 November 1894. In spite of his unpopularity, he was responsible for the consolidation of the new Republican Government.


Desterro, the capital of the state of Santa Catarina, was renamed Florianópolis after its defeat by loyalist troops, in the end of the Federalist Riograndense Revolution.



References





  1. ^ "A República de Ferro" (in Portuguese). www1.folha.uol.com.br. Retrieved July 12, 2015..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Floriano Vieira Peixoto (in Portuguese)


  3. ^ "Florianismo | Atlas Histórico do Brasil - FGV". atlas.fgv.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2018-05-19.




External links







  • Floriano Peixoto at Find a Grave



















Political offices

New office
Vice President of Brazil
1891
 Succeeded by
Manuel Vitorino
Preceded by
Deodoro da Fonseca
President of Brazil
1891–1894
 Succeeded by
Prudente de Morais
Honorary titles
Preceded by
Deodoro da Fonseca
Honorary President of the
Superior Military Court
1891–1894
Vacant
















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