Penryn and Falmouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Penryn and Falmouth | |
---|---|
Former County constituency for the House of Commons | |
County | Cornwall |
Major settlements | Penryn and Falmouth |
1918–1950 | |
Number of members | One |
Replaced by | Truro and Falmouth & Camborne |
Created from | Penryn and Falmouth, St Austell and Truro |
1832–1918 | |
Number of members | 1832-1885: Two; 1885-1918: One |
Type of constituency | Borough constituency |
Replaced by | Penryn and Falmouth |
Created from | Cornwall and Penryn |
Penryn and Falmouth was the name of a constituency in Cornwall, England, UK, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 until 1950. From 1832 to 1918 it was a parliamentary borough, initially returning two Members of Parliament (MPs), elected by the bloc vote system.
Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, its representation was reduced to one member, elected by the first past the post system. In 1918 the borough was abolished and the name was transferred to a county constituency electing one MP.
Contents
1 Boundaries
2 History
3 Members of Parliament
3.1 Penryn & Falmouth borough 1832–1885
3.2 Penryn & Falmouth borough 1885–1918
3.3 Penryn & Falmouth division of Cornwall 1918–1950
4 Elections
4.1 Elections in the 1840s
4.2 Elections in the 1850s
4.3 Elections in the 1860s
4.4 Elections in the 1870s
4.5 Elections in the 1880s
4.6 Elections in the 1890s
4.7 Elections in the 1900s
4.8 Elections in the 1910s
4.9 Elections in the 1920s
4.10 Elections in the 1930s
4.11 Elections in the 1940s
5 References
6 Sources
Boundaries
1918-1950: The Municipal Boroughs of Falmouth, Penryn, and Truro, the Urban District of St Austell, and parts of the Rural Districts of East Kerrier, Truro, and St Austell.
History
The constituency was created by the Reform Act 1832 (the "Great Reform Act") as a replacement for the Penryn constituency, which had become a notoriously rotten borough. The new borough consisted of Penryn, Falmouth and parts of Budock and St Gluvias parishes, giving it a mostly urban population of nearly 12,000, of whom 875 were registered to vote at its first election in 1832.
Initially Penryn and Falmouth elected two MPs, but this was reduced to one in 1885. It was one of the smallest constituencies in England for the next thirty years. At this period its voters were politically unpredictable; though generally among the more Conservative Cornish constituencies, they were influenced by personal factors and often swung against the national tide of opinion. Falmouth, which had a stronger non-conformist presence, was the more Liberal part of the constituency in the late 19th century, but was thought to become more Conservative as it developed its economy as a destination seaside resort.
In 1918 the borough was abolished, but the Penryn and Falmouth name was applied to the county constituency in which the two towns were placed. This was a much more extensive constituency, covering the whole of south central Cornwall, including the towns of Truro and St Austell as well a long stretch of coastline. The constituency had a more industrial character (a sixth of the population were engaged in tin mining); the area suffered badly from unemployment in the 1930s, and in 1935 the Labour Party came within 3,031 votes of winning what would have been their first seat in Cornwall.
The constituency was abolished for the 1950 general election, most of its area being moved into the Truro constituency. Penryn and Falmouth were assigned to the new Falmouth and Camborne division.
Members of Parliament
Penryn & Falmouth borough 1832–1885
Election | 1st Member | 1st Party | 2nd Member | 2nd Party | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1832 | Sir Robert Rolfe | Whig[1][2][3] | Lord Tullamore | Tory[1] | ||
1834 | Conservative[1] | |||||
1835 | James William Freshfield | Conservative[1] | ||||
1840 | Edward John Hutchins[4] | Whig[1][5][6][7] | ||||
1841 | John Vivian | Whig[1][8][9][10] | James Hanway Plumridge | Whig[1][10] | ||
1847 | Howel Gwyn | Conservative | Francis Mowatt | Radical[11][12] | ||
1852 | James William Freshfield | Conservative | ||||
1857 | Thomas Baring | Whig[13][14] | Samuel Gurney[15] | Ind. Liberal | ||
1859 | Liberal | |||||
1866 | Jervoise Smith | Liberal | ||||
1868 | Robert Fowler | Conservative | Edward Eastwick | Conservative | ||
1874 | David James Jenkins | Liberal | Henry Thomas Cole | Liberal | ||
1880 | Reginald Brett | Liberal | ||||
1885 | Representation reduced to one member |
Penryn & Falmouth borough 1885–1918
Election | Member | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
1885 | David James Jenkins | Liberal | |
1886 | William George Cavendish-Bentinck | Conservative | |
1895 | Frederick John Horniman | Liberal | |
1906 | Sir John Barker | Liberal | |
1910 | Charles Sydney Goldman | Unionist | |
1918 | Borough abolished; name transferred to county division |
Penryn & Falmouth division of Cornwall 1918–1950
Election | Member | Party | |
---|---|---|---|
1918 | Sir Edward Nicholl | Coalition Conservative | |
1922 | Capt Denis Shipwright | Conservative | |
1923 | Sir Courtenay Mansel | Liberal | |
1924 | George Pilcher[16] | Conservative | |
1929 | Sir Tudor Walters | Liberal | |
1931 | Maurice Petherick | Conservative | |
1945 | Evelyn King | Labour | |
1950 | constituency abolished |
Elections
Elections in the 1840s
Rolfe resigned after being appointed a Judge of the Court of the Exchequer, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Y Edward John Hutchins | 462 | 66.0 | ||
Conservative | William Carne | 238 | 34.0 | ||
Majority | 224 | 32.0 | |||
Turnout | 700 | 79.1 | |||
Registered electors | 885 | ||||
Whig hold | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Y John Vivian | 462 | 30.5 | ||
Whig | Y James Hanway Plumridge | 432 | 28.5 | ||
Conservative | Howel Gwyn | 381 | 25.1 | ||
Conservative | Edward John Sartoris | 240 | 15.8 | ||
Majority | 51 | 3.4 | |||
Turnout | 768 | 86.9 | |||
Registered electors | 884 | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig gain from Conservative | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Y Howel Gwyn | 548 | 54.2 | +29.1 | |
Radical | Y Francis Mowatt | 377 | 37.3 | −21.7 | |
Conservative | Peter Borthwick[18] | 87 | 8.6 | −7.2 | |
Turnout | 506 (est) | 58.6 (est) | −28.3 | ||
Registered electors | 884 | ||||
Majority | 171 | 16.9 | N/A | ||
Conservative gain from Whig | Swing | +20.0 | |||
Majority | 290 | 28.7 | N/A | ||
Radical gain from Whig | Swing | −21.8 |
Elections in the 1850s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Y Howel Gwyn | 464 | 37.5 | −16.7 | |
Conservative | Y James William Freshfield | 435 | 35.1 | +26.5 | |
Whig | Thomas Baring | 339 | 27.4 | −9.9 | |
Majority | 96 | 7.8 | +9.1 | ||
Turnout | 789 (est) | 87.0 (est) | +28.4 | ||
Registered electors | 906 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | −5.9 | |||
Conservative gain from Radical | Swing | +15.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Y Thomas Baring | Unopposed | |||
Independent Liberal | Y Samuel Gurney | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 856 | ||||
Whig gain from Conservative | |||||
Independent Liberal gain from Conservative |
Baring was appointed a Civil Lord of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Y Thomas Baring | Unopposed | |||
Whig hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Y Thomas Baring | 389 | 30.2 | N/A | |
Independent Liberal | Y Samuel Gurney | 373 | 29.0 | N/A | |
Conservative | Howel Gwyn | 324 | 25.2 | N/A | |
Conservative | John Fitzgerald Leslie Foster[19] | 200 | 15.6 | N/A | |
Turnout | 643 (est) | 77.4 (est) | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 856 | ||||
Majority | 16 | 1.2 | N/A | ||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Majority | 49 | 3.8 | N/A | ||
Independent Liberal hold | Swing | N/A |
Elections in the 1860s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Y Thomas Baring | Unopposed | |||
Independent Liberal | Y Samuel Gurney | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 837 | ||||
Liberal hold | |||||
Independent Liberal hold |
Baring succeeded to the peerage, becoming Lord Northbrook and causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Y Jervoise Smith | 376 | 54.6 | N/A | |
Conservative | Robert Fowler | 313 | 45.4 | N/A | |
Majority | 63 | 9.1 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 689 | 82.3 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 837 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Y Robert Fowler | 732 | 27.9 | N/A | |
Conservative | Y Edward Eastwick | 683 | 26.0 | N/A | |
Liberal | Jervoise Smith | 611 | 23.3 | N/A | |
Liberal | Kirkman Hodgson[20] | 597 | 22.8 | N/A | |
Majority | 72 | 2.7 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,312 (est) | 72.5 (est) | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 1,808 | ||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | N/A | |||
Conservative gain from Independent Liberal | Swing | N/A |
Elections in the 1870s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Y David James Jenkins | 851 | 28.1 | ||
Liberal | Y Henry Thomas Cole | 784 | 25.9 | ||
Conservative | Robert Fowler | 743 | 24.6 | ||
Conservative | Edward Eastwick | 646 | 21.4 | ||
Majority | 41 | 1.4 | |||
Turnout | 1,512 | 81.3 | |||
Registered electors | 1,860 | ||||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | ||||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing |
Elections in the 1880s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Y David James Jenkins | 1,176 | 30.2 | +2.1 | |
Liberal | Y Reginald Brett | 1,071 | 27.5 | +1.6 | |
Conservative | Julius Vogel | 882 | 22.7 | −1.9 | |
Conservative | John D. Mayne | 765 | 19.6 | −1.8 | |
Majority | 189 | 4.9 | +3.5 | ||
Turnout | 1,947 (est) | 88.4 (est) | +7.1 | ||
Registered electors | 2,202 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | +2.0 | |||
Liberal hold | Swing | +1.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | David James Jenkins | 1,170 | 52.3 | −5.4 | |
Conservative | William Cavendish-Bentinck | 1,069 | 47.7 | +5.4 | |
Majority | 101 | 4.6 | −0.3 | ||
Turnout | 2,239 | 87.4 | −1.0 (est) | ||
Registered electors | 2,562 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −5.4 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | William Cavendish-Bentinck | 1,089 | 52.2 | +4.5 | |
Liberal | David James Jenkins | 998 | 47.8 | -4.5 | |
Majority | 91 | 4.4 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 2,087 | 81.5 | −5.9 | ||
Registered electors | 2,562 | ||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +4.5 |
Elections in the 1890s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | William Cavendish-Bentinck | 1,218 | 58.1 | +5.9 | |
Liberal | Arthur Serena | 880 | 41.9 | −5.9 | |
Majority | 338 | 16.2 | +11.8 | ||
Turnout | 2,098 | 81.3 | −0.2 | ||
Registered electors | 2,580 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | +5.9 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Frederick John Horniman | 1,150 | 51.1 | +9.2 | |
Conservative | William Cavendish-Bentinck | 1,101 | 48.9 | -9.2 | |
Majority | 49 | 2.2 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 2,251 | 86.0 | +4.7 | ||
Registered electors | 2,616 | ||||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +9.2 |
Elections in the 1900s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Frederick John Horniman | 1,184 | 50.4 | −0.7 | |
Conservative | Nathaniel Louis Cohen | 1,164 | 49.6 | +0.7 | |
Majority | 20 | 0.8 | −1.4 | ||
Turnout | 2,348 | 85.2 | −0.8 | ||
Registered electors | 2,756 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −0.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Barker | 1,345 | 51.9 | +1.5 | |
Conservative | D B Hall | 1,248 | 48.1 | −1.5 | |
Majority | 97 | 3.8 | +3.0 | ||
Turnout | 2,593 | 88.6 | +3.4 | ||
Registered electors | 2,926 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | +1.5 |
Elections in the 1910s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Charles Sydney Goldman | 1,593 | 53.0 | +4.9 | |
Liberal | John Barker | 1,412 | 47.0 | −4.9 | |
Majority | 181 | 6.0 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 3,005 | 93.5 | +4.9 | ||
Registered electors | 3,215 | ||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +4.9 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Charles Sydney Goldman | 1,585 | 55.1 | +2.1 | |
Liberal | Walter Burt | 1,291 | 44.9 | −2.1 | |
Majority | 294 | 10.2 | +4.2 | ||
Turnout | 2,876 | 89.5 | −4.0 | ||
Registered electors | 3,215 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | +2.1 |
General Election 1914/15:
Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;
Unionist: Charles Sydney Goldman
Liberal:
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | Unionist | Edward Nicholl | 10,050 | 50.6 | −4.5 |
Liberal | Arthur Carkeek[31] | 9,815 | 49.4 | +4.5 | |
Majority | 235 | 1.2 | −9.0 | ||
Turnout | 19,865 | 56.6 | −32.9 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing | −4.5 | |||
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government. |
Elections in the 1920s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Denis Shipwright | 11,566 | 42.7 | -7.9 | |
Liberal | Courtenay Mansel | 8,879 | 32.8 | -16.6 | |
Labour | Joseph Harris | 4,482 | 16.6 | n/a | |
National Liberal | George Hay Morgan | 2,129 | 7.9 | n/a | |
Majority | 2,687 | 9.9 | +8.7 | ||
Turnout | 72.5 | +15.9 | |||
Unionist hold | Swing | +4.3 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Courtenay Mansel | 17,015 | 62.0 | +23.2 | |
Unionist | Denis Shipwright | 10,429 | 38.0 | -4.7 | |
Majority | 6,586 | 24.0 | +33.9 | ||
Turnout | 73.0 | +0.5 | |||
Liberal gain from Unionist | Swing | +17.0 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | George Pilcher | 12,485 | 43.3 | +5.3 | |
Liberal | Courtenay Mansel | 9,913 | 34.3 | -27.7 | |
Labour | Frederick Jesse Hopkins | 6,462 | 22.4 | n/a | |
Majority | 2,572 | 9.0 | +33.0 | ||
Turnout | 74.7 | +1.7 | |||
Unionist gain from Liberal | Swing | +16.5 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Tudor Walters | 14,274 | 37.0 | +2.7 | |
Unionist | Maurice Petherick | 13,136 | 34.1 | -9.2 | |
Labour | Frederick Jesse Hopkins | 11,166 | 28.9 | +6.5 | |
Majority | 1,138 | 2.9 | 11.9 | ||
Turnout | 78.4 | +3.7 | |||
Liberal gain from Unionist | Swing | +6.0 |
Elections in the 1930s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Maurice Petherick | 16,388 | 40.5 | +6.4 | |
Liberal | Ernest Simon | 14,006 | 34.6 | -2.4 | |
Labour | A.L.Rowse | 10,098 | 24.9 | -4.0 | |
Majority | 2,382 | 5.9 | 8.8 | ||
Turnout | 40,492 | 79.8 | |||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +4.4 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Maurice Petherick | 16,136 | 39.6 | -0.9 | |
Labour | A.L.Rowse | 13,105 | 32.1 | +7.2 | |
Liberal | Ronald Wilberforce Allen | 11,537 | 28.3 | -6.3 | |
Majority | 3,031 | 7.4 | |||
Turnout | 40,778 | 77.6 | |||
Conservative hold | Swing | -4.0 |
A General election was due to take place before the end of 1940, but was postponed due to the Second World War. By 1939, the following candidates had been selected to contest this constituency;
Conservative: Maurice Petherick
Labour: A.L.Rowse
Elections in the 1940s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Evelyn King | 17,962 | 43.8 | ||
Conservative | Maurice Petherick | 15,169 | 36.9 | ||
Liberal | Percy Harris | 7,917 | 19.3 | ||
Majority | 2,793 | 6.8 | |||
Turnout | 73.0 | ||||
Labour gain from Conservative | Swing |
References
^ abcdefghi Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844-1850]. Craig, F. W. S., ed. The Parliaments of England (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. pp. 44–46. ISBN 0-900178-13-2..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Churton, Edward (1838). The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: 1838. p. 196. Retrieved 27 November 2018 – via Google Books.
^ Mosse, Richard Bartholomew (1838). The Parliamentary Guide: a concise history of the Members of both Houses, etc. p. 211. Retrieved 27 November 2018 – via Google Books.
^ E J Hutchins was subsequently elected for Lymington 1850–1857. There is a biography of him at Masonic Province of South Wales, Eastern Division. Archived 21 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine
^ The Spectator, Volume 12. F.C. Westley. 1839. p. 1204. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
^ "The Recent Elections". Essex Standard. 31 January 1840. p. 1. Retrieved 21 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ "The Elections". Dublin Morning Register. 29 January 1840. p. 3. Retrieved 21 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ "General Election 1841". Morning Post. 29 June 1841. pp. 2–4. Retrieved 14 April 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ "Elections Decided". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 10 July 1841. p. 6. Retrieved 14 April 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ ab "Evening Mail". 2 July 1841. p. 6. Retrieved 27 November 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ Collet, Collet Dobson (1899). History of the Taxes on Knowledge: Their Origin and Repeal. London: T. Fisher Unwin. p. 93. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
^ Cambridge Chronicle and Journal. 5 August 1854. pp. 4–5 https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000421/18540805/049/0005. Retrieved 22 April 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)). Missing or empty|title=
(help)
^ Mallet, Bernard (1912). . Dictionary of National Biography (2nd supplement). London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^ "The General Elections". Morning Chronicle. 16 March 1857. p. 6. Retrieved 24 June 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ See ODNB article by Richard Davenport-Hines, ‘Gurney, Samuel (1816–1882)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 23 Jan 2008
^ Hansard website gives dates of George Pilcher, MP as 1882 – 8 December 1962, in Parliament 29 October 1924 – 30 May 1929. The National Portrait Gallery, London has two photographic portraits of him, taken in 1927. He is described as journalist, barrister and politician. Rayment says he was born 26 February 1882. He was Secretary of the Royal Empire Society. The Times, 16 March 1935; pg. 9; Issue 47014; col D Notes his resignation as Secretary of the RES, after six years' service and his previous work as a journalist. The Times, 13 December 1962; pg. 12; Issue 55573; col E includes an Obituary, giving further information.
^ abcdefghijkl Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book)|format=
requires|url=
(help) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
^ "General Election". London Evening Standard. 2 August 1847. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 27 November 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ "The Cornish Times". 7 May 1859. p. 4. Retrieved 24 June 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ "Representation of Penryn and Falmouth". Royal Cornwall Gazette. 25 June 1868. p. 6. Retrieved 15 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
^ "Penryn And Falmouth". The Cornishman (90). 1 April 1880. p. 5.
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
^ CARKEEK, Sir Arthur’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014 ; online edn, April 2014 accessed 18 Sept 2017
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 by FWS Craig
Sources
- Michael Kinnear, The British Voter (London: BH Batsford, Ltd, 1968)
- Henry Pelling, Social Geography of British Elections 1885-1910 (London: Macmillan, 1967)
- J Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 - England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
- Frederic A Youngs, jr, Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol I (London: Royal Historical Society, 1979)
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "P" (part 1)