Pritzker Architecture Prize
| Pritzker Architecture Prize | |
|---|---|
 Medal of the Pritzker Architecture Prize | |
| Awarded for | A career of achievement in the art of architecture |
| Sponsored by | Hyatt Foundation |
| Reward(s) | US$100,000 |
| First awarded | 1979 |
| Last awarded | 2018 |
| Website | www.pritzkerprize.com |
The Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded annually "to honor a living architect or architects whose built work demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision and commitment, which has produced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment through the art of architecture".[1] Founded in 1979 by Jay A. Pritzker and his wife Cindy, the award is funded by the Pritzker family and sponsored by the Hyatt Foundation. It is considered to be one of the world's premier architecture prizes,[2] and is often referred to as the Nobel Prize of architecture.[3][4][5]
The prize is said to be awarded "irrespective of nationality, race, creed, or ideology".[6] The recipients receive US$100,000, a citation certificate, and since 1987, a bronze medallion.[1] The designs on the medal are inspired by the work of architect Louis Sullivan, while the Latin inspired inscription on the reverse of the medallion—firmitas, utilitas, venustas (English: firmness, commodity and delight)—is from Ancient Roman architect Vitruvius. Before 1987, a limited edition Henry Moore sculpture accompanied the monetary prize.[1]
The Executive Director of the prize, Martha Thorne,[7] solicits nominations from a range of people, including past Laureates, academics, critics and others "with expertise and interest in the field of architecture".[6] Any licensed architect can also make a personal application for the prize before November 1 every year. In 1988 Gordon Bunshaft nominated himself for the award and eventually won it.[8] The jury, each year consisting of five to nine "experts ... recognized professionals in their own fields of architecture, business, education, publishing, and culture", deliberate early the following year before announcing the winner in spring.[6] The prize Chair is Stephen Breyer; earlier chairs were J. Carter Brown (1979–2002), the Lord Rothschild (2003–2004), the Lord Palumbo (2005-2015) and Glenn Murcutt (2017-2018).[9]
Contents
1 Controversy
2 Laureates
2.1 Table notes
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Controversy
In 2013, the student organization "Women in Design" at the Harvard Graduate School of Design started a petition on behalf of Denise Scott Brown to receive joint recognition with her partner, past prize winner Robert Venturi, furthering a debate about sexism in architecture. The petition, according to The New York Times has "reignited long-simmering tensions in the architectural world over whether women have been consistently denied the standing they deserve in a field whose most prestigious award was not given to a woman until 2004, when Zaha Hadid won".[10] Although the petition received international support of several past recipients, the jury said that it cannot revisit the work of past juries, in order to acknowledge the work of Denise Scott Brown and Lu Wenyu, both women and equal partners to their spouses Venturi and Wang Shu, who won in 1991 and 2012 respectively.[11] Scott Brown told CNN that "as a woman, she had felt excluded by the elite of architecture throughout her career," and that "the Pritzker Prize was based on the fallacy that great architecture was the work of a 'single lone male genius' at the expense of collaborative work."[12]
Laureates
Inaugural winner Philip Johnson was cited "for 50 years of imagination and vitality embodied in a myriad of museums, theaters, libraries, houses, gardens and corporate structures".[13] The 2004 laureate Zaha Hadid was the first female prize winner.[14]Ryue Nishizawa became the youngest winner in 2010 at age 44.[15] Partners in architecture (in 2001, Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, and in 2010, Kazuyo Sejima and Nishizawa) have shared the award. In 1988, Gordon Bunshaft and Oscar Niemeyer were both separately honored with the award.[16] The 2017 winners, architects Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramón Vilalta [17] were the first group of three to share the prize.[18] The 2018 laureate was architect B.V. Doshi from India.[19]
| No. | Year | Laureate | Nationality | Photo | Example work (year completed) | Ceremony location | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1979 | Philip Johnson | United States |  |  | Glass House (1949) | Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC | [20] |
| 2 | 1980 | Luis Barragán | Mexico |  |  | Torres de Satélite (1957) | Dumbarton Oaks, Washington DC | [5] |
| 3 | 1981 | James Stirling | United Kingdom |  |  | Seeley Historical Library (1968) | National Building Museum, Washington DC | [21] |
| 4 | 1982 | Kevin Roche | United States |  |  | Knights of Columbus Building (1969) | Art Institute of Chicago | [3][A] |
| 5 | 1983 | Ieoh Ming Pei | United States |  |  | National Gallery of Art, East Building (1978) | Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City | [22][B] |
| 6 | 1984 | Richard Meier | United States |  |  | High Museum of Art (1983) | National Gallery of Art, Washington DC | [3] |
| 7 | 1985 | Hans Hollein | Austria |  |  | Abteiberg Museum (1982) | The Huntington Library, San Marino, California | [3] |
| 8 | 1986 | Gottfried Böhm | Germany (West Germany) |  |  | Christi Auferstehung, Cologne (1968) | Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths, London | [3] |
| 9 | 1987 | Kenzō Tange | Japan |  |  | St. Mary's Cathedral, Tokyo (1964) | Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas | [23] |
| 10 | 1988 | Gordon Bunshaft (shared prize) | United States | – |  | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (1963) | Art Institute of Chicago | [3][24] |
Oscar Niemeyer (shared prize) | Brazil |  |  | Cathedral of Brasília (1958) | [3][24] | |||
| 11 | 1989 | Frank Gehry | Canada United States |  |  | Walt Disney Concert Hall (2003) | Tōdai-ji, Nara, Japan | [22][C] |
| 12 | 1990 | Aldo Rossi | Italy |  |  | Bonnefanten Museum (1990) | Palazzo Grassi, Venice | [25] |
| 13 | 1991 | Robert Venturi | United States |  |  | National Gallery, Sainsbury Wing (1991) | Palace of Iturbide, Mexico City | [26] |
| 14 | 1992 | Álvaro Siza Vieira | Portugal |  |  | Pavilion of Portugal in Expo'98 (1998) | Harold Washington Library, Chicago | [27] |
| 15 | 1993 | Fumihiko Maki | Japan |  |  | Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium (1991) | Prague Castle | [23] |
| 16 | 1994 | Christian de Portzamparc | France | – |  | French Embassy, Berlin (2003) | The Commons, Columbus, Indiana | [28] |
| 17 | 1995 | Tadao Ando | Japan |  |  | Church of the Light (1989) | Palace of Versailles | [29] |
| 18 | 1996 | Rafael Moneo | Spain |  |  | Kursaal Palace (1999) | Getty Center, Los Angeles | [22] |
| 19 | 1997 | Sverre Fehn | Norway | – |  | Norwegian Glacier Museum (1991) | Guggenheim Museum Bilbao | [30] |
| 20 | 1998 | Renzo Piano | Italy |  |  | Kansai International Airport (1994) | White House, Washington DC | [31] |
| 21 | 1999 | Norman Foster | United Kingdom |  |  | Millennium Bridge (London) (2000) | Altes Museum, Berlin | [22] |
| 22 | 2000 | Rem Koolhaas | Netherlands |  |  | Casa da Música, Porto (2003) | Jerusalem Archaeological Park | [32] |
| 23 | 2001 | Jacques Herzog & Pierre de Meuron | Switzerland | – |  | Tate Modern (2000) | Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia | [33] |
| 24 | 2002 | Glenn Murcutt | Australia |  |  | Berowra Waters Inn (1983) | Campidoglio, Rome | [34] |
| 25 | 2003 | Jørn Utzon | Denmark | – |  | Sydney Opera House (1973) | Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando, Madrid | [35] |
| 26 | 2004 | Zaha Hadid | Iraq United Kingdom |  |  | Contemporary Arts Center (2003) | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | [22][D] |
| 27 | 2005 | Thom Mayne | United States | – |  | San Francisco Federal Building (2007) | Pritzker Pavilion, Chicago | [36] |
| 28 | 2006 | Paulo Mendes da Rocha | Brazil |  |  | Saint Peter Chapel, Campos do Jordão, São Paulo (1987) | Dolmabahçe Palace, Istanbul | [37] |
| 29 | 2007 | Richard Rogers | United Kingdom |  |  | Lloyd's building (1986) | Banqueting House, Whitehall, London | [38][E] |
| 30 | 2008 | Jean Nouvel | France |  |  | Torre Agbar (2005) | Library of Congress, Washington DC | [22][39] |
| 31 | 2009 | Peter Zumthor | Switzerland |  |  | Therme Vals (1996) | Legislative Palace of the City Council, Buenos Aires | [22][40] |
| 32 | 2010 | Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa (SANAA) | Japan |  |  | 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa (2003) | Ellis Island, New York City | |
| 33 | 2011 | Eduardo Souto de Moura | Portugal |  |  | Estádio Municipal de Braga (2004) | Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium, Washington DC | [41] |
| 34 | 2012 | Wang Shu | China |  |  | Ningbo Museum (2008) | Great Hall of the People, Beijing | [42] |
| 35 | 2013 | Toyo Ito | Japan |  |  | Sendai Mediatheque (2001) | John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston | [43] |
| 36 | 2014 | Shigeru Ban | Japan |  |  | Centre Pompidou-Metz (2010) | Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam | [44] |
| 37 | 2015 | Frei Otto | Germany | – |  | Olympic Stadium, Munich (1972) | New World Center, Miami | [45][46][†] |
| 38 | 2016 | Alejandro Aravena | Chile |  |  | Siamese Towers, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (2005) | United Nations Headquarters, New York City | [47][48] |
| 39 | 2017 | Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramón Vilalta (RCR Arquitectes) | Spain | – |  | Sant Antoni Library, Barcelona (2008) | Akasaka Palace, Tokyo | [49] |
| 40 | 2018 | B. V. Doshi | India |  |  | Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (1977–1992, multiple phases) | Aga Khan Museum, Toronto | [50] |
Table notes
- A. a Roche was born in Ireland.[51]
- B. b Pei was born in China.[52]
- C. c Gehry was born in Canada.[53]
- D. d Hadid was born in Iraq.[54]
- E. e Rogers was born in Italy.[55]
- F. † Posthumous award.
See also
- Driehaus Architecture Prize
- List of architecture prizes
- List of science and technology awards
References
General
"Past laureates". Pritzker Architecture Prize official site. The Hyatt Foundation. Retrieved March 17, 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
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External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pritzker Prize winners. |
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