阿魏屬

Multi tool use
阿魏屬
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大阿魏(Ferula communis)
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科學分類
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界:
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植物界 Plantae
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門:
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被子植物門 Magnoliophyta
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綱:
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雙子葉植物綱 Magnoliopsida
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(未分级)
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II类真菊分支 euasterids II
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目:
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傘形目 Apiales
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科:
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傘形科 Apiaceae
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屬:
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阿魏属 Ferula L.
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Species
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阿[1]魏(Asafoetida、Asafœtida;學名Ferula)泛指所有阿魏屬的植物,是一種草本伞形科的屬,奇臭無比。一般來說,用作藥用的,是阿魏的樹脂阿魏脂,主要採用正阿魏(Ferula asafoetida)及波斯阿魏(Ferula persica)兩種[2]。
藥用
阿魏的樹脂阿魏脂可作作藥用,製法是把阿魏的根部挖出並去泥,並用其葉片為根部遮陽。之後,把根打橫斬斷,斷口會滲出白色汁液,並慢慢變稠。待流出來的汁液乾硬後挖走,然後又可再在其他部位再重覆上述步驟,直至所有汁液流乾為止。阿魏脂味苦,而且具惡嗅,而且以較年青的植物提取,功效更佳[2]。阿魏脂有時會有雜色顆粒,當中以淺紅色為佳,但主要的都是白色。碎了的阿魏脂的外貌有點像雲石[2]。由於提煉需時,而且可用於治療霍亂、梅毒及杜蟲[2],所以阿魏脂的價值頗高。不過由於中國並不出產阿魏屬植物,所以從前中國都要從孟買買入[2]。
註釋及參考資料
^ 「阿」讀「柯」
^ 2.02.12.22.32.4 S. Wells Williams. A Chinese Commercial Guide 4th. Canton: The Office of the Chinese Repository. 1856.
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维基物种中的分类信息:阿魏屬
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