二碘甲烷

Multi tool use
二碘甲烷
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IUPAC名 Diiodomethane
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识别
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CAS号
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75-11-6 
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PubChem
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6346
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ChemSpider
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6106
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SMILES
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Beilstein
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1696892
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EINECS
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200-841-5
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RTECS
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PA8575000
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MeSH
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methylene+iodide
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性质
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化学式
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CH2I2
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摩尔质量
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267.84 g·mol⁻¹
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外观
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淺黃色液體
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密度
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3.325 g/cm3
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熔点
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6 °C (43 °F)
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沸点
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181 °C (358 °F) (分解)
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溶解性(水)
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14 g/l (20 °C)
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危险性
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警示术语
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R:R20/22
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安全术语
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S:S26, S27, S36/37/39
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欧盟分类
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有害 (Xn)
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NFPA 704
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闪点
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113 °C
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若非注明,所有数据均出自一般条件(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。
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性質
- 二碘甲烷是液體,無法溶於水,但能溶於乙醇、乙醚、苯等有機溶劑。
- 較值得注意的是,會對環境造成污染之危害。具有毒性,使用上要特別小心。
- 二碘甲烷主要用來有機合成及混合礦物的分離。例如:製成鑑定鑽石、珠寶等的比重液,也可調整及增加比重液的比重。算是比重液中用途最廣的。亦可以作溶劑和化學中間體。
- 二碘甲烷受熱後,會分解出有毒的碘化物煙氣。暴露於光線下,會分解出碘,而呈現褐色。
危害
二碘甲烷具有毒性。若不慎吸入、食入高濃度的二碘甲烷,可能導致呼吸困難、呼吸停止等。要是皮膚接觸或者眼睛接觸,都會有一定的危害。
參見
來源
- Carson, Laye, et al., 1993
- Carson, A.S.; Laye, P.G.; Pedley, J.B.; Welsby, A.M., The enthalpies of formation iodomethane, diiodomethane, triiodomethane, and tetraiodomethane by rotating combustion calorimetry, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1993, 25, 261-269.
卤代甲烷
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單鹵代 |
CH3F · CH3Cl · CH3Br · CH3I
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雙鹵代 |
CH2F2 · CH2ClF · CH2BrF · CH2FI · CH2Cl2 · CH2BrCl · CH2ClI · CH2Br2 · CH2BrI · CH2I2
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三卤代 |
CHF3 · CHClF2 · CHBrF2 · CHF2I · CHCl2F · CHBrClF* · CHClFI* · CHBr2F · CHBrFI* · CHFI2 · CHCl3 · CHBrCl2 · CHCl2I · CHBr2Cl · CHBrClI* · CHClI2 · CHBr3 · CHBr2I · CHBrI2 · CHI3
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四卤代 |
CF4 · CClF3 · CBrF3 · CF3I · CCl2F2 · CF2BrCl · CClF2I · CBr2F2 · CBrF2I · CF2I2 · CCl3F · CBrCl2F · CCl2FI · CBr2ClF · CBrClFI* · CClFI2 · CBr3F · CBr2FI · CBrFI2 · CFI3 · CCl4 · CBrCl3 · CCl3I · CBr2Cl2 · CBrCl2I · CCl2I2 · CBr3Cl · CBr2ClI · CBrClI2 · CClI3 · CBr4 · CBr3I · CBr2I2 · CBrI3 · CI4
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*:有手性的化合物 |
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