三溴甲烷

Multi tool use
溴仿
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IUPAC名 Bromoform
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别名
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三溴甲烷
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识别
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缩写
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- R-20B3[來源請求]
- UN 2515[來源請求]
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CAS号
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75-25-2 
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PubChem
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5558
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ChemSpider
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13838404
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SMILES
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Beilstein
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1731048
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Gmelin
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49500
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UN编号
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2515
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EINECS
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200-854-6
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ChEBI
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38682
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RTECS
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PB5600000
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DrugBank
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DB03054
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KEGG
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C14707
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MeSH
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bromoform
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性质
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化学式
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CHBr3
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摩尔质量
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252.73 g·mol⁻¹
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外观
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无色至黄色液体
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密度
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2.889 g/cm3, 15 °C
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熔点
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8.0 °C
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沸点
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149.1 °C
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溶解性(水)
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3.2 g/l, 30 °C
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log P
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2.38
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蒸氣壓
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660 Pa, 20 °C
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危险性
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警示术语
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R:R23, R36, R38, R51, R53
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安全术语
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S:S28, S45, S61
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欧盟分类
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有毒 (T) 对环境有害 (N) Carc. Cat. 3
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NFPA 704
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PEL
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0.5 ppm
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若非注明,所有数据均出自一般条件(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。
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溴仿(化学式:CHBr3)是卤仿之一,室温下为暗黄色的液体,有和氯仿类似的甜气味。它有限可溶于水,容易蒸发。折射率1.595(20°C、D),与乙醇、苯、氯仿、醚、石油醚、丙酮混溶,与水以1/800的比例溶解,少量自然存在于海洋植物中,进入环境中的溴仿大多是用氯气给水杀菌时的副产物。
溴仿可通过丙酮和次溴酸钠(溴与碱反应得到)发生卤仿反应、电解溴化钾的乙醇溶液或氯仿与溴化铝反应制取。
溴仿可作溶剂、选矿剂、镇静剂、阻燃剂、实验室试剂等。
参见
卤代烷 - 卤代甲烷
溴甲烷 - 二溴甲烷 - 四溴化碳
卤仿:氟仿 - 氯仿 - 溴仿 - 碘仿
参考资料
- Betterton E. A., Arnold R. G., Kuhler R. J., Santo G. A. (June 2005). "Reductive dehalogenation of bromoform in aqueous solution". Environ Health Perspect. 103: 89–91(3). doi:10.2307/3432487. PMID 8565919. Retrieved on 2007-07-03. PDF
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Toxicological Profile for Bromoform and Dibromochloromethane [1]. August 2005.
外部链接
- 国际化学品安全卡0108
MSDS[永久失效連結]—牛津大学
卤代甲烷
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單鹵代 |
CH3F · CH3Cl · CH3Br · CH3I
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雙鹵代 |
CH2F2 · CH2ClF · CH2BrF · CH2FI · CH2Cl2 · CH2BrCl · CH2ClI · CH2Br2 · CH2BrI · CH2I2
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三卤代 |
CHF3 · CHClF2 · CHBrF2 · CHF2I · CHCl2F · CHBrClF* · CHClFI* · CHBr2F · CHBrFI* · CHFI2 · CHCl3 · CHBrCl2 · CHCl2I · CHBr2Cl · CHBrClI* · CHClI2 · CHBr3 · CHBr2I · CHBrI2 · CHI3
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四卤代 |
CF4 · CClF3 · CBrF3 · CF3I · CCl2F2 · CF2BrCl · CClF2I · CBr2F2 · CBrF2I · CF2I2 · CCl3F · CBrCl2F · CCl2FI · CBr2ClF · CBrClFI* · CClFI2 · CBr3F · CBr2FI · CBrFI2 · CFI3 · CCl4 · CBrCl3 · CCl3I · CBr2Cl2 · CBrCl2I · CCl2I2 · CBr3Cl · CBr2ClI · CBrClI2 · CClI3 · CBr4 · CBr3I · CBr2I2 · CBrI3 · CI4
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*:有手性的化合物 |
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